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Doktor hastaya enjeksiyon yapıyor.

Doktor hastaya enjeksiyon yapıyor.
The doctor is giving an injection to the patient.
FromLesson 68inHardcore Turkish
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Questions & Answers about Doktor hastaya enjeksiyon yapıyor.

What does the -ya ending on hastaya indicate?
The suffix -a/-e is the dative case marker in Turkish. Here hastaya means “to the patient.” It shows that the patient is the indirect object (the recipient) of the action.
Why is enjeksiyon used with yapmak instead of simply using a verb like vermek?
In Turkish many actions expressed in English by a verb + noun use a noun + yapmak construction. So enjeksiyon yapmak literally means “to do/make an injection,” but idiomatically “to give an injection.” Although you might sometimes hear enjeksiyon vermek in casual speech, enjeksiyon yapmak is the standard collocation.
How is the present continuous tense formed on yapmak to get yapıyor?

Break it down:

  1. Root: yap- (“do”)
  2. Progressive suffix: -ıyor/-iyor/-uyor/-üyor (vowel-harmonized) → yapıyor
  3. Personal ending for 3rd person singular is zero (no extra suffix).
    So yapıyor = “(he/she/it) is doing.”
Why is yapıyor translated as “is giving” instead of “is making”?
Even though yapmak literally means “to do” or “to make,” in the fixed phrase enjeksiyon yapmak the idea is “to administer or give an injection.” Translation depends on the idiomatic meaning of the whole expression, not just the root verb.
Can I drop the subject Doktor and still make a correct sentence?
Yes. Turkish is a pro-drop language, so if context makes it clear who performs the action, you can say simply Hastaya enjeksiyon yapıyor. That means “(He/She) is giving the patient an injection.”
How do I turn this sentence into a negative?

Insert the negative marker ma/ me before the progressive suffix:
yap- + ma + ­ıyor → yapmıyor
So: Doktor hastaya enjeksiyon yapmıyor. (“The doctor is not giving the patient an injection.”)

How do I form a yes-no question from this sentence?

Add the question particle mı/mu/mü/mı after the verb (with proper vowel harmony) and keep the intonation rising:
Doktor hastaya enjeksiyon yapıyor mu?
Literally: “Is the doctor giving the patient an injection?”

Is the word order flexible here?

Yes. The default order is S-IO-DO-V: Doktor hastaya enjeksiyon yapıyor. You can swap objects for emphasis:

  • Doktor enjeksiyon hastaya yapıyor.
  • Hastaya doktor enjeksiyon yapıyor.
    The verb still comes last in standard Turkish.
How would I say “The doctor gave the patient an injection” in the simple past?

Use the past tense suffix -dı/-di/-du/-dü after the root, plus any personal ending:
yap- + tı → yaptı
So: Doktor hastaya enjeksiyon yaptı.

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