Learn Hardcore Turkish: Şantiyede çalışan işçiler güvenlik kıyafetleri giydiler ve beton kalıplarını rampa boyunca taşıdılar. - Construction site workers donned safety gear and carried the concrete molds along the ramp.

-de is the locative case marker in Turkish. It tells you where something happens. şantiye means construction site, so şantiyede = at the construction site.

What role does çalışan play in şantiyede çalışan işçiler?

çalışan is a present‐participle that modifies işçiler. Literally, çalışan means “working,” so şantiyede çalışan işçiler = the workers who are working at the site.

Why are güvenlik kıyafetleri in the plural, and why is there no accusative suffix on it?

• kıyafet means outfit/clothing. Workers wear multiple items (helmet, vest, gloves…), so you use the plural kıyafetleri.
• There’s no accusative suffix (-i) because the phrase is used generally/indefinitely (“they wore safety clothes” as a category). Definite, specific objects get the accusative; generic plurals often don’t.

Why do giydiler and taşıdılar end in -diler?

Turkish verbs add tense and agreement suffixes to the stem. Here:
– giy- (wear) + -di (past tense) + -ler (3rd person plural) = giydiler (“they wore”)
– taşı- (carry) + -dı (past tense) + -lar (3rd person plural) = taşıdılar (“they carried”)

What does boyunca mean in rampa boyunca, and why is it placed after rampa?

boyunca is a postposition meaning “along” or “throughout.” In Turkish you put the noun in the nominative, then boyunca: rampa boyunca = along the ramp.

Can you break down kalıplarını for me?

kalıplarını = kalıp (mold) + -lar (plural) + -ı (3rd person plural possessive, “their”) + -nı (accusative, with buffer n).
So it literally means “their molds” as a definite object.

Why is the main verb at the end of the sentence?

Turkish follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order in basic clauses. That’s why you see giydiler and taşıdılar at the very end.

What’s the difference between giyinmek and giydirmek, and why is giydiler used here?

• giyinmek is intransitive: “to get dressed” → giyindiler (“they got dressed”).
• giydirmek is transitive: “to put clothes on someone” → giydiler can mean “they put on (the gear).”
In many contexts (especially technical or safety descriptions), giydiler is common to describe donning equipment.

Why doesn’t güvenlik take any suffix in güvenlik kıyafetleri?

Here güvenlik (safety) functions like an adjective modifying kıyafetleri. Adjectival nouns in Turkish stay in the bare form and don’t take case or possessive endings when they modify another noun.