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Isıtma sistemindeki vana, sıcak su akışını kontrol eder.

Isıtma sistemindeki vana, sıcak su akışını kontrol eder.
The valve in the heating system controls the flow of hot water.
FromLesson 54inHardcore Turkish

Questions & Answers about Isıtma sistemindeki vana, sıcak su akışını kontrol eder.

What does Isıtma mean in this sentence?
Isıtma is the noun (verbal noun) form of the verb ısıtmak (“to heat”), so here it means heating (as in “the process of heating”).
What does the suffix -deki in sistemindeki indicate?
The suffix -deki is actually -de (locative: “in/at”) plus the relative adjective marker -ki, so sistem + de + ki = sistemdeki, meaning “the one in the system.” Hence Isıtma sistemindeki vana = “the valve that is in the heating system.”
Why is there no article like the before heating system or valve?
Turkish does not use definite or indefinite articles the way English does. A bare noun like vana can mean “a valve” or “the valve,” and context tells you which.
Why is there no genitive suffix on su in sıcak su akışını?
In technical or noun-noun compounds, Turkish often links two nouns directly. sıcak su akışı is a compound meaning “hot water flow.” You could say sıcak suyun akışı (“the flow of the hot water”) but in many set phrases the genitive -un on su is dropped for brevity.
How do we know akışını is the object of the verb?
akışını carries the accusative suffix -ı (adjusted by vowel harmony) which marks it as a definite direct object: “the flow.”
Why does vana have no suffix?
Here vana is the subject of the sentence in the nominative case. Turkish nominative singular nouns take no ending.
Why is the verb written as kontrol eder instead of just kontrol?
Kontrol by itself is a noun borrowed from English. Turkish turns such nouns into verbs by adding etmek (“to do/make”), so kontrol etmek = “to control.” The simple present third-person form is kontrol eder (“it controls”).
Why is the verb at the end of the sentence?
Turkish follows a subject–object–verb (SOV) word order, so the verb typically comes last.
What’s the difference between kontrol eder and kontrol ediyor?
Kontrol eder is the simple present tense, expressing a habitual or general action (“controls”). Kontrol ediyor is the present continuous tense, indicating an action in progress right now (“is controlling”).
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