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Öğrenciler günlük çalışma saatlerini eksiksiz kayıt altına alırlar.

Öğrenciler günlük çalışma saatlerini eksiksiz kayıt altına alırlar.
Students record their daily study hours without any omissions.
FromLesson 51inHardcore Turkish
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Breakdown of Öğrenciler günlük çalışma saatlerini eksiksiz kayıt altına alırlar.

günlük
daily
saat
the hour
öğrenci
the student
çalışma
the study
eksiksiz
complete
kayıt altına almak
to record

Questions & Answers about Öğrenciler günlük çalışma saatlerini eksiksiz kayıt altına alırlar.

What is the function of -ler in öğrenciler, and how does Turkish pluralization work?

The suffix -ler marks the plural in Turkish. It attaches to the noun öğrenci (student) to make öğrenciler (students). Turkish has two plural suffixes, -lar or -ler, chosen by vowel harmony:

  • If the last vowel of the noun is a, ı, o, u → use -lar
  • If it is e, i, ö, ü → use -ler
What does günlük mean here, and is it an adjective or adverb?
günlük literally comes from gün (day) + -lük, producing the adjective “daily.” In this sentence it modifies çalışma saatleri to mean “daily working hours.” Although it describes a time frame, it’s functioning as an adjective, not an adverb.
Why does çalışma saatlerini have the suffix -lerini, and what case is this?

Çalışma saatleri (working hours) is the direct object of the verb. In Turkish, a definite direct object takes the accusative case. Plural saat + plural -ler + accusative -ini (with buffer n) yields saatlerini. Breakdown:
• saat (hour) + -ler (plural) → saatler
• saatler + -ini (accusative) → saatlerini

What does eksiksiz mean, and how does it relate to the verb?
eksiksiz is an adjective meaning “without omissions,” “complete,” or “full.” Here it’s used adverbially to qualify how the action is done: “they record ... without missing anything.” In Turkish, adjectives often function like adverbs without changing form.
Can you explain the idiom kayıt altına almak?

kayıt altına almak literally means “to take under record.” It’s a compound verb meaning to record, to log, or to put on record. Components:
• kayıt = record
• altına = under + dative suffix (under)
• almak = to take

Why is kayıt altına almak split into three words, and which part is conjugated?
In Turkish, many verb phrases are made of multiple words (noun/adverb + main verb). Only the main verb is conjugated. Here almak is conjugated in simple present as alırlar, while kayıt altına remains fixed.
What tense and aspect does alırlar represent, and what nuance does it convey?
alırlar is the aorist tense (sometimes called simple present) in the third person plural. It indicates habitual or regular actions: “they record (as a routine).” It doesn’t specify whether the action is happening right now; it expresses a general truth or regularly repeated activity.
How does vowel harmony influence the ending in alırlar rather than alırlar or alırler?

In Turkish, the aorist suffix for third person plural is -ır/-er + -lar/-ler. You choose each part by vowel harmony:
• The first vowel matches the verb stem’s last vowel (a in al- → -ır).
• The second vowel is governed by the plural rule (since ı is a back vowel → -lar).
Combining gives alırlar.

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