Learn Hardcore Turkish: Dalga, rüzgarın etkisiyle yavaşça kıyıya doğru ilerliyor. - The wave is slowly moving toward the shore under the influence of the wind.

Rüzgarın etkisiyle literally means “by the effect of the wind.” Here, rüzgar means “wind” and takes the genitive suffix -ın to form rüzgarın (“of the wind”), etki means “effect,” and the possessive suffix -si attaches to imply “its effect.” The ending -yle translates as “with” or “by,” indicating that the action is due to the wind’s influence.

What role does yavaşça play in the sentence?

Yavaşça is an adverb meaning “slowly.” It modifies the verb ilerliyor to describe the manner in which the wave is moving.

How does the phrase kıyıya doğru indicate direction, and what are its grammatical components?

Kıyıya doğru means “towards the shore.” In this phrase, kıyı means “shore” and receives the dative case suffix -ya to denote movement toward that location, while doğru explicitly means “towards.” Together, they clearly express the direction of the wave’s motion.

How is the present continuous tense formed in the verb ilerliyor, and what does it signify?

The verb ilerliyor is formed from the root ilerle (“to progress” or “to move forward”) plus the present continuous suffix -iyor, resulting in “is progressing” or “is moving.” This construction indicates that the action is ongoing at the present moment.

Why is there a comma after Dalga in the sentence?

The comma after Dalga creates a natural pause that separates the subject from the following modifying phrase. While not always grammatically required in Turkish, it can be used to enhance clarity and readability in the sentence.