O benim arkadaşım.

to be

Breakdown of O benim arkadaşım.

• o: he
• benim: my
• arkadaş: the friend

Questions & Answers about O benim arkadaşım.

What does O mean in this sentence?

O is a third-person singular pronoun in Turkish. It can mean he, she, or it depending on the context. In O benim arkadaşım, it refers to the person being spoken about, so context will determine whether it’s translated as he or she.

Why is there no linking verb (like is) in the sentence?

In Turkish, the copula (the verb to be) is usually omitted in the present tense. Consequently, the sentence O benim arkadaşım directly equates the subject and the predicate without needing a word for is.

What does benim mean, and why is it used here?

Benim means my. It is an independent possessive pronoun that specifies ownership. In this sentence, it makes clear that the friendship belongs to the speaker.

How does the possessive suffix on arkadaş work in forming arkadaşım?

Turkish indicates possession by attaching suffixes directly to nouns. The suffix -ım added to arkadaş (friend) signifies that the friend is related to I (first person singular), transforming arkadaş into arkadaşım, which means my friend.

Why does the sentence include both benim and the suffix -ım on arkadaş?

This is an example of double possession. Although the possessive suffix -ım already means my, including the independent possessive benim adds emphasis or clarity. It's a common practice in Turkish to reinforce the ownership relationship, even though using one form on its own would typically be sufficient.

Is the word order in O benim arkadaşım flexible, or is it fixed?

Turkish generally allows for flexible word order, but in simple equative sentences like this one, the subject-predicate structure (O followed by benim arkadaşım) is most common and clear. Rearranging the elements could change the emphasis or lead to ambiguity, so sticking with this order is typical for conveying the intended meaning.