Tanrı her şeyi bilir.

Because Turkish usually uses Subject–Object–Verb word order.

So:

• Tanrı = subject
• her şeyi = object
• bilir = verb

A very literal word-for-word order is:

God everything knows

This is one of the first big word-order differences English speakers notice. Turkish can change the order for emphasis, but the neutral/default order is usually verb-last.

Her şey means everything or literally every thing.

• her = every
• şey = thing

When it becomes the direct object of the verb here, it takes the accusative ending, so:

• her şey = everything
• her şeyi = everything (as the definite direct object)

So in this sentence, her şeyi bilir means knows everything.

Because Turkish often marks a specific/definite direct object with the accusative ending.

Here, everything is a complete, definite set, so Turkish uses the accusative:

• her şey = everything
• her şeyi bilir = knows everything

Compare:

• bir şey bilir = he/she knows something
• her şeyi bilir = he/she knows everything

So the -i ending is not random; it shows that the object is definite/specific.

The base word is şey.

When the accusative ending -i is added:

• şey + i = şeyi

It may look unusual at first, but the final y already belongs to the word şey. It is not an extra linking letter here.

So:

• şey = thing
• şeyi = the thing / thing as a definite object

Bilir is in the aorist, which is often used for:

• general truths
• habits
• regular actions
• timeless statements

In this sentence, it means something like:

• knows
• does know in a general, timeless sense

So Tanrı her şeyi bilir is a general truth statement: God knows everything.

It comes from the verb stem bil-, which means to know.

Then Turkish adds the aorist ending:

• bil- = know
• bil-ir = knows

Here, -ir is the aorist marker. In the 3rd person singular, there is no extra ending after that.

So:

• bilirim = I know
• bilirsin = you know
• bilir = he/she/it knows

Because the subject is already given: Tanrı.

Turkish does not need a pronoun like he or it when the subject is already clear. Since Tanrı is explicitly stated, that is enough.

So Turkish says:

• Tanrı her şeyi bilir

and does not need anything like O Tanrı...

Also, Turkish often leaves pronouns out even when the subject is understood from context.

Because here it refers to God as a proper name/title, not just a god in a general sense.

Compare:

• Tanrı = God
• tanrı = a god / deity

Capitalization works a lot like English here when referring to the one God in a monotheistic sense.

They can both refer to God, but they are not exactly the same word in usage.

• Tanrı is the general Turkish word for god/God
• Allah is the Arabic-derived word commonly used in Islamic contexts

Depending on style, religion, context, or personal preference, one may be chosen over the other. In many translations, Tanrı is used as the Turkish equivalent of God.

No. It should be written as her şeyi, as two words.

That is because:

• her is a separate word meaning every
• şey is a separate noun meaning thing
• the suffix attaches to şey, giving şeyi

So the correct spelling is:

• her şey
• her şeyi

not herşey or herşeyi

A rough pronunciation guide is:

Tanrı her şeyi bilir
≈ TAHN-ruh her SHEH-yee bee-LEER

A few important sounds:

• ş = sh
• ı = a vowel that does not exist exactly in English; it is not ee
• r is lightly rolled or tapped
• i sounds like ee in see

So the trickiest word for English speakers is usually Tanrı, especially the ı sound.

Yes, Turkish can change word order for emphasis or style.

The neutral/basic order is:

• Tanrı her şeyi bilir

But other orders are possible in context, for example:

• Her şeyi Tanrı bilir = It is God who knows everything / God knows everything

The core meaning stays similar, but the emphasis changes. For learners, the safest default is still the standard verb-final order.