Müdür dün işverenle konuşmaksızın istifa etti.

A word-by-word breakdown looks like this:

• Müdür = the manager / manager
• dün = yesterday
• işverenle = with the employer
• konuşmaksızın = without speaking
• istifa etti = resigned (literally something like did resignation, because Turkish often uses a noun + etmek structure)

So the sentence structure is roughly:

• Müdür → subject
• dün → time adverb
• işverenle konuşmaksızın → adverbial phrase meaning without speaking with/to the employer
• istifa etti → main verb phrase

The ending -le here means with.

• işveren = employer
• işverenle = with the employer

This comes from the postposition ile (with), which is very often attached to the noun:

• işveren ile = with the employer
• işverenle = same meaning, more natural in normal speech/writing

Because işveren ends in a consonant, ile becomes -le when attached.

Compare:

• arkadaşla = with a friend
• arabayla = with/by car
  here it becomes -yla after a vowel

konuşmaksızın means without speaking or without talking.

It is an adverbial verb form, meaning it describes how or under what circumstances the main action happened.

So:

• işverenle konuşmaksızın istifa etti
  = he/she resigned without speaking to/with the employer

This does not mean a simple negative like did not speak by itself. It means without doing that action before or while doing the main action.

It is built from the verb konuşmak (to speak / to talk) plus the ending -maksızın, which means without doing.

So:

• konuşmak = to speak
• konuşmaksızın = without speaking

A useful pattern is:

• verb stem + -maksızın / -meksizin = without V-ing

Examples:

• bakmaksızın = without looking
• düşünmeksizin = without thinking
• sormaksızın = without asking

This form is correct, but it sounds a bit more formal or literary than some alternatives.

Yes — and in everyday Turkish, konuşmadan is usually more common.

So these are very close:

• işverenle konuşmadan istifa etti
• işverenle konuşmaksızın istifa etti

Both mean he/she resigned without speaking with/to the employer.

The difference is mostly stylistic:

• -madan / -meden = more common, natural, everyday
• -maksızın / -meksizin = more formal, written, sometimes more emphatic

So if you are learning practical everyday Turkish, konuşmadan is probably the version you will hear more often.

Because istifa etmek is a very common Turkish compound verb.

• istifa is a noun meaning resignation
• etmek means to do / to make

Together:

• istifa etmek = to resign

Turkish does this a lot with borrowed nouns, especially in more formal vocabulary. Other common examples:

• yardım etmek = to help
• telefon etmek = to phone
• kontrol etmek = to check
• şikâyet etmek = to complain

So istifa etti is simply the past tense of istifa etmek:

• istifa etti = resigned

etti is in the simple past tense.

It comes from etmek:

• etmek = to do
• etti = did

In istifa etti, this gives:

• istifa etti = resigned

The ending -di / -dı / -du / -dü / -tı / -ti / -tu / -tü is the regular definite past tense in Turkish.

Examples:

• geldi = came
• konuştu = spoke
• istifa etti = resigned

Because Turkish usually leaves out subject pronouns when they are not necessary.

So instead of saying:

• O müdür dün işverenle konuşmaksızın istifa etti

Turkish normally just says:

• Müdür dün işverenle konuşmaksızın istifa etti

The noun müdür already tells us who the subject is, so o would usually be unnecessary unless you want extra emphasis or contrast.

This is very common in Turkish. Subject pronouns are often omitted because the verb and context already make things clear.

Turkish does not have articles exactly like English a/an and the.

So müdür can mean:

• the manager
• a manager

Which one sounds best depends on context.

If you want to make a explicit, Turkish often uses bir:

• bir müdür = a manager

But in many sentences, Turkish simply leaves it unmarked:

• Müdür geldi = The manager came or A manager came, depending on context

In your sentence, müdür will usually be understood as the manager if the person is already known in context.

Not completely. Turkish word order is flexible, although the most neutral place for the main verb is at the end.

This sentence has a very natural order:

• Müdür
• dün
• işverenle konuşmaksızın
• istifa etti

But you could move parts around for emphasis:

• Müdür işverenle konuşmaksızın dün istifa etti
• Dün müdür işverenle konuşmaksızın istifa etti
• İşverenle konuşmaksızın müdür dün istifa etti

All of these are possible, but they shift emphasis slightly.

The most important thing is that the verb phrase istifa etti normally stays at or near the end in standard Turkish.

In natural English, the best translation is usually without talking to the employer or without speaking with the employer.

The Turkish -le literally means with, but with verbs like konuşmak, English may use either:

• talk with someone
• talk to someone

So:

• işverenle konuşmak = to talk with the employer / to talk to the employer

In this sentence, the idea is that the manager resigned without having that conversation with the employer first.

dün means yesterday, and it functions as a time adverb.

It tells you when the action happened:

• Müdür dün ... istifa etti = The manager resigned yesterday

In Turkish, time expressions often come before the verb, and often fairly early in the sentence. That is exactly what is happening here.

Yes. The sentence does more than just report a resignation. It highlights the fact that the manager resigned without speaking to the employer.

So the emphasis is not only:

• the manager resigned yesterday

but also:

• the manager resigned without first talking to the employer

That can suggest things like:

• sudden action
• lack of consultation
• possible conflict
• an unexpected or abrupt resignation

Those ideas come from context, not grammar alone, but the konuşmaksızın part clearly makes the lack of communication important.

Overall, it sounds fairly neutral to formal, mainly because of konuşmaksızın.

A more everyday version would be:

• Müdür dün işverenle konuşmadan istifa etti.

That version is more likely in normal conversation.

Your original sentence is still perfectly correct, but -maksızın gives it a slightly more formal, written, or polished tone.