Şirket yeni bir teminat istedi.

• Şirket = company
• yeni = new
• bir = a / an or sometimes one
• teminat = guarantee, security, collateral, assurance depending on context
• istedi = wanted / asked for / requested

So the structure is basically:

Şirket + yeni bir teminat + istedi
The company + a new guarantee/security + asked for

Because Turkish normally uses Subject + Object + Verb word order.

Here:

• Şirket = subject
• yeni bir teminat = object
• istedi = verb

So the sentence follows a very typical Turkish pattern: The company + a new guarantee + requested

English usually puts the verb earlier, but Turkish often saves the verb until the end.

İstedi is the simple past, third person singular form of istemek (to want / to ask for / to request).

Breakdown:

• dictionary form: istemek
• stem: iste-
• past ending: -di
• result: istedi = he/she/it wanted or asked for

Since şirket is grammatically third person singular, istedi matches it.

The verb istemek can mean both:

• to want
• to ask for / request

The exact meaning depends on context.

With a company and something like teminat, a business or legal context is likely, so English usually translates it more naturally as:

• The company requested a new guarantee/security rather than
• The company wanted a new guarantee/security

Both are possible in a basic grammar sense, but requested is often the better natural translation here.

In Turkish, when bir works like a/an, it commonly comes after the adjective and before the noun:

• güzel bir ev = a beautiful house
• yeni bir teminat = a new guarantee/security

So yeni bir teminat is the normal, natural order.

If you say bir yeni teminat, it usually puts more emphasis on one and sounds less neutral in an ordinary sentence.

Not always.

In this sentence, bir is most naturally the indefinite article:

• a new guarantee/security

But bir can also literally mean one in other contexts.

Here, unless the speaker is stressing the number, English speakers should usually understand it as a/an.

Turkish does not have a separate word for the.

So şirket can mean:

• the company
• a company

Which one is intended depends on context.

In this sentence, English often uses the company because it sounds like a specific company already known in the conversation.

Because bir teminat is indefinite here.

In Turkish, a specific/definite direct object often takes the accusative ending, but an indefinite one usually does not.

Compare:

• Şirket yeni bir teminat istedi.
  = The company asked for a new guarantee.
  (some new guarantee, not a specific one)

• Şirket yeni teminatı istedi.
  = The company asked for the new guarantee.
  (a specific guarantee)

So the lack of accusative helps show that the object is not specific.

Teminat is a useful word with a range of meanings depending on context. It can mean:

• guarantee
• security
• collateral
• assurance
• sometimes deposit or bond/security requirement in financial/legal contexts

So a very literal translation may vary. In business, banking, insurance, rental, or legal situations, teminat often refers to some kind of financial or legal security.

Because Turkish adjectives normally come before the noun they describe.

So:

• yeni teminat = new guarantee/security
• büyük şirket = big company
• uzun yol = long road

That part works similarly to English.

A rough guide for an English speaker:

• Ş sounds like sh
• ç would sound like ch (not used here, but useful to know)
• ı is a different vowel, but it does not appear in this sentence
• Turkish r is usually lightly rolled or tapped

Approximate pronunciation:

SHIR-ket YEH-nee beer teh-mee-NAHT is-TEH-dee

A few notes:

• Şirket: the first syllable sounds like shir
• yeni: yeh-nee
• bir: often pronounced quickly, almost like beer
• teminat: stress is usually near the end here: te-mi-NAT
• istedi: is-te-di

Yes, Turkish word order is somewhat flexible, but the neutral, standard order here is:

Şirket yeni bir teminat istedi.

If you change the order, you usually change the emphasis.

For example:

• Yeni bir teminat istedi şirket.
  This is possible, but it sounds marked and gives special focus or a literary/dramatic feel.

For learners, the safest choice is to keep the normal order: subject + object + verb.

Yes, grammatically that is possible.

But in many real situations, especially business or legal ones, English speakers would more naturally say:

• The company asked for a new guarantee
• The company requested a new security/collateral

So wanted is not wrong, but asked for/requested is often a better translation in context.