Chefen vill läsa rapporten före vår diskussion i morgon.

Because chefen is the definite singular form of chef (boss / manager).

• en chef = a boss
• chefen = the boss

In Swedish, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word like English the.

After a modal verb like vill (want to), Swedish normally uses the infinitive without att.

So:

• vill läsa = wants to read
• kan läsa = can read
• måste läsa = must read

This is similar to English, where we also do not say wants to to read. In Swedish, att is often equivalent to English to, but it is not used after modal verbs like vill.

Läsa is the infinitive form of the verb, meaning to read.

In this sentence, it comes after vill, so Swedish uses the infinitive:

• Chefen vill läsa = The boss wants to read

You are not conjugating läsa for person here. Swedish verbs do not change form depending on I / you / he / we the way they often do in English.

For the same reason as chefen: it is the definite singular form.

• en rapport = a report
• rapporten = the report

So Swedish marks definiteness by adding an ending to the noun.

Because when Swedish uses a possessive like min, din, vår, hans, the noun normally does not take the definite ending.

So:

• vår diskussion = our discussion
• not vår diskussionen

This is different from English, where our discussion already clearly sounds definite, and Swedish handles that by using the possessive alone, without the extra definite ending.

Före means before.

In this sentence:

• före vår diskussion = before our discussion

Yes, innan can often also mean before, but there is a small difference in usage:

• före is commonly used before a noun phrase
• innan is very common before a clause, but it can also be used in some similar contexts

So före vår diskussion is very natural because vår diskussion is a noun phrase.

Traditional Swedish spelling is i morgon as two words, meaning tomorrow.

You may also see imorgon, which is very common in modern informal writing. Both are widely understood, but i morgon is a standard form you will often meet in learning materials and more careful writing.

By default, many readers will understand i morgon as connected to vår diskussion:

• before our discussion tomorrow

That is probably the most natural interpretation here.

But in some contexts, word order can leave a little room for ambiguity. If you wanted to make it extra clear that tomorrow refers to the discussion, Swedish could also say something like:

• före vår diskussion i morgon

which is already what this sentence does, so the intended meaning is quite clear in practice.

Swedish often uses the present tense or a modal construction instead of a special future tense.

Here, vill läsa does not mean simple future. It means wants to read.

The future sense comes from the context, especially i morgon. Swedish often lets time words show when something happens rather than using a special future verb form.

The basic structure is:

• Chefen = subject
• vill = finite verb
• läsa rapporten = infinitive phrase / object
• före vår diskussion i morgon = time phrase

So the sentence follows normal Swedish main-clause order:

Subject + finite verb + rest

That is one of the most common word orders in Swedish main clauses.

Yes. Swedish often moves time expressions to the front. For example:

• I morgon vill chefen läsa rapporten före vår diskussion.

Notice what happens then: the finite verb vill comes before the subject chefen. This is because Swedish main clauses follow the V2 rule: the finite verb is usually in the second position.

So:

• Chefen vill ...
• I morgon vill chefen ...

Both are grammatical, but the emphasis changes slightly.

If you made the nouns indefinite, it would look like this:

• En chef vill läsa en rapport före en diskussion i morgon.

That means something more like:

• A boss wants to read a report before a discussion tomorrow.

Compare:

• chefen = the boss
• rapporten = the report
• vår diskussion = our discussion

The original sentence is more specific and definite.

Yes, chef is an en noun:

• en chef
• chefen

This matters because the definite singular ending for most en nouns is -en, while ett nouns usually take -et in the definite singular.