Kannan är fylld med vatten.

Kanna means jug / pitcher / watering can, depending on context, and it is a common-gender noun: en kanna.

Kannan is the definite singular form, meaning the jug / the pitcher.

Swedish usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun as a suffix:

• en kanna = a jug
• kannan = the jug

So -n here is the definite ending.

Är is the present tense of vara, which means to be.

So:

• är = is / are / am depending on context

In this sentence, it links the subject kannan with the description fylld med vatten.

That means the sentence is describing the current state of the jug.

Fylld is the past participle of fylla (to fill), but here it functions like an adjective.

So är fylld means something like:

• is filled
• is full of
• has been filled

In this sentence, fylld describes the condition of the jug.

A useful way to think about it is:

• fylla = to fill
• fylld = filled

The pattern fylld med + something is the normal Swedish way to say that something contains something.

So:

• fylld med vatten = filled with water
• fylld med sand = filled with sand
• fylld med böcker = filled with books

The preposition med is the natural choice here when talking about what fills a container or space.

Yes, you may hear or use Kannan är full med vatten, and it can sound natural in everyday speech.

But there is a small difference:

• fylld med vatten focuses more on the idea of being filled with water
• full med vatten focuses more on the idea that it is full of water

In many situations, both work, but fylld med is often a bit more precise or neutral when describing contents.

Also note that many speakers would more naturally say:

• Kannan är full av vatten

But with a physical container, fylld med vatten is especially clear and common.

Because vatten here is being used as an uncountable substance, like water in English.

Just as English says:

• filled with water

and not usually

• filled with a water

Swedish says:

• med vatten

and not

• med ett vatten

If you meant specific water, the wording could change, for example with vattnet in another kind of sentence, but here the general substance is meant.

A learner could reasonably see it either way, but in this sentence it is best understood as a past participle used adjectivally.

So Kannan är fylld med vatten describes a state:

• the jug is in a filled condition

This is slightly different from a more clearly verbal passive such as:

• Kannan fylls med vatten = The jug is being filled with water / gets filled with water

So:

• är fylld = state/result
• fylls = action/process

Yes, it changes to agree with the noun it describes.

Here, kannan is:

• singular
• common gender (en word)

So the form is:

• fylld

Compare:

• Kannan är fylld med vatten.
  common gender singular

• Glaset är fyllt med vatten.
  neuter singular (ett word)

• Kannorna är fyllda med vatten.
  plural

So the adjective/participle agrees with the noun.

Here are the agreement patterns:

• en-kannan type noun: fylld
• ett noun: fyllt
• plural: fyllda

Examples:

• Kannan är fylld med vatten.
• Glaset är fyllt med vatten.
• Flaskorna är fyllda med vatten.

This is a useful pattern to learn because many Swedish adjectives and participles change in similar ways.

Yes, depending on context, English may translate it that way.

But the Swedish sentence most naturally describes the present state of the jug, not the filling event itself.

So the main idea is:

• the jug is now filled with water

If you want to focus more clearly on the action, Swedish would often use another structure, for example:

• Kannan har fyllts med vatten = The jug has been filled with water
• Kannan fylls med vatten = The jug is being filled with water

The word order is straightforward Swedish main-clause order:

• Kannan = subject
• är = verb
• fylld med vatten = complement

So the structure is:

• Subject + verb + description

This is normal for a basic statement.

If you turn it into a yes/no question, Swedish inverts the subject and verb:

• Är kannan fylld med vatten? = Is the jug filled with water?

Because the base word is kanna, and when the definite ending is added, the spelling becomes kannan.

This is not an extra grammatical mystery beyond the definite form; it is just how the word is written.

It also helps reflect pronunciation: the vowel in the first syllable is short, and the consonant is doubled in spelling.

So:

• kanna
• kannan

This is a normal Swedish spelling pattern.

A rough guide for an English speaker:

• Kannan ≈ KAN-nan
• är ≈ a short vowel somewhat like air, but not exactly
• fylld is harder, because y is not like English y; it is a rounded front vowel
• med ≈ meh-d
• vatten ≈ VAHT-ten

A very rough full approximation could be:

KAN-nan air fylld med VAHT-ten

A few important notes:

• Swedish r is not the same as most English r
• Swedish y in fylld has no exact English equivalent
• stress is mainly on KAN- and VAHT-

If you want, I can also give a more detailed sound-by-sound pronunciation guide for each word.

Yes. It is completely natural and grammatical.

It sounds like a neutral descriptive sentence, the kind of thing you might say when talking about the contents of a container.

Depending on context, Swedes might also say things like:

• Det är vatten i kannan. = There is water in the jug.
• Kannan är full med vatten.
• Kannan är fylld till bredden med vatten. = The jug is filled to the brim with water.

But Kannan är fylld med vatten is perfectly normal Swedish.