Jag vaknar klockan sju på vardagarna.

Because vaknar is the present tense form of the verb, and a normal main clause needs a finite verb.

• vakna = to wake up (infinitive)
• vaknar = wake up / am waking up (present tense)

So:

• Jag vaknar = I wake up
• not Jag vakna

A lot of Swedish verbs form the present tense by adding -r to the infinitive.

It can technically do either, depending on context, because Swedish does not use a separate continuous form the way English does.

In this sentence, it clearly means a habitual action:

• Jag vaknar klockan sju på vardagarna.
• I wake up at seven on weekdays.

The time expression and på vardagarna show that this is a routine, not something happening right now.

Because Swedish vakna already includes the idea of waking up. English uses the verb + particle wake up, but Swedish usually just uses the single verb vakna.

So:

• vakna = to wake up
• väcka någon = to wake someone up

Examples:

• Jag vaknar tidigt. = I wake up early.
• Hon väcker mig klockan sju. = She wakes me up at seven.

In Swedish, klockan is commonly used when giving a clock time.

• klockan sju = at seven o’clock

Literally, klockan means the clock, but in time expressions it works idiomatically.

So:

• Jag vaknar klockan sju = I wake up at seven

Notice that Swedish often does not need a separate word corresponding to English at in this kind of time expression.

Normally, no. That sounds incomplete or unnatural to most learners’ ears and is not the standard way to give the time here.

The natural expression is:

• Jag vaknar klockan sju.

You may also see other time expressions, such as:

• vid sju = around seven / at about seven

But for a straightforward exact clock time, klockan sju is the most natural choice.

På vardagarna means on weekdays or on workdays.

• vardag = weekday / workday
• vardagar = weekdays
• vardagarna = the weekdays

In this sentence, it refers to a regular pattern:

• på vardagarna = on weekdays, in general

The preposition på is the normal one here for this kind of time expression.

This is a very common Swedish pattern. When talking about repeated time periods in a general sense, Swedish often uses the definite form.

So Swedish commonly says things like:

• på morgonen = in the morning
• på kvällarna = in the evenings
• på helgerna = on weekends
• på vardagarna = on weekdays

Even though English often uses no article here, Swedish likes the definite form.

You may sometimes encounter på vardagar, but på vardagarna is very natural and very common when talking about a routine.

Yes. Swedish main clauses follow the V2 rule, which means the finite verb must be in the second position.

The original sentence has normal subject-first order:

• Jag vaknar klockan sju på vardagarna.

But you can also move a time expression to the front:

• Klockan sju vaknar jag på vardagarna.

That is still correct. Notice what happens:

• Klockan sju = first position
• vaknar = second position
• jag comes after the verb

So Klockan sju jag vaknar ... would be wrong.

Yes, it is completely natural. It sounds like a normal way to describe a routine.

It is simple, neutral Swedish:

• Jag = subject
• vaknar = present-tense verb
• klockan sju = time
• på vardagarna = when this routine happens

A native speaker would easily understand it as a statement about someone’s usual weekday schedule.