Om du står på balkongen, ser du övergångsstället till höger om porten.

Here om is the conjunction if. It introduces a condition: if this situation is true, then the result follows.

In some contexts, English might translate Swedish om more naturally as when, especially in general statements, but in this sentence if is the clearest match.

Swedish often uses position verbs where English just uses be.

So:

• stå = stand
• sitta = sit
• ligga = lie
• vara = be

A Swedish speaker often says stå på balkongen when talking about a person being on a balcony in a standing position. If you said är på balkongen, that would only say that the person is there, without giving the same physical image.

Because Swedish main clauses follow the V2 rule: the finite verb normally comes in the second position.

The first position here is the whole clause Om du står på balkongen. After that, the main clause begins, and the finite verb ser must come before the subject du:

• Om du står på balkongen, ser du ...

This kind of reversal is very common in Swedish after an opening adverbial or subordinate clause.

It can often mean either, depending on context.

In Swedish, verbs of perception like se do not always need kan to express the idea of being able to see something. So ser du övergångsstället can naturally correspond to English you see the crossing or you can see the crossing.

English often prefers can see in sentences like this, while Swedish is happy with just ser.

Because Swedish normally uses på with balkong.

A balcony is understood as an open platform or surface, not an enclosed space, so Swedish says:

• på balkongen = on the balcony

Using i would sound unnatural in normal usage.

Övergångsstället is the definite singular form of övergångsställe.

The noun is:

• ett övergångsställe = an intersection crossing / crosswalk / pedestrian crossing

Because it is an ett noun, its definite singular form gets a definite ending:

• övergångsstället = the crossing

It is also a compound noun:

• övergång = crossing, transition
• ställe = place

So literally it is something like crossing-place, though the normal meaning is simply crosswalk or pedestrian crossing.

Till höger om is the normal Swedish expression for to the right of.

It works as a fixed phrase:

• till höger = to the right
• om porten = of the entrance / relative to the entrance

So:

• till höger om porten = to the right of the entrance

This is just the standard idiomatic way to express that relationship in Swedish.

Not exactly.

Port usually means a main entrance, gate, or large entryway. In many Swedish contexts, especially with apartment buildings, porten means the main entrance to the building.

Dörren is the more general word for the door.

So porten is often more specific than dörren and can suggest the main entrance rather than just any door.

Because Swedish usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun as a suffix.

So:

• port = entrance
• porten = the entrance

and:

• övergångsställe = crossing
• övergångsstället = the crossing

English uses a separate word the, but Swedish often builds that meaning into the noun itself.

A separate definite word such as den or det is usually added when there is an adjective:

• den stora porten = the big entrance
• det tydliga övergångsstället = the clear crossing

Yes, you could, but the nuance changes.

• Om du står på balkongen ... sets up a condition or situation: if you are standing there, this is what you see.
• Från balkongen ... focuses more directly on the viewpoint: from the balcony, you can see it.

Both are natural, but they are not identical in tone.

Not always.

In Swedish, a comma after an initial subordinate clause is often used for clarity, but in a short sentence it can also be omitted:

• Om du står på balkongen, ser du övergångsstället till höger om porten.
• Om du står på balkongen ser du övergångsstället till höger om porten.

Both can be acceptable, depending on style. The version with the comma makes the clause boundary a little clearer.