Kule darasani, mwalimu atatuonyesha tofauti kati ya umoja na wingi.

Darasani already means in the classroom / in class. Adding kule gives it a locative-demonstrative sense, something like there in the classroom or in that classroom over there.

In natural English, you might not always translate kule very strongly. Depending on context, the whole phrase may simply come out as in the classroom.

The ending -ni is a common locative ending in Swahili. It often adds the idea of in, at, or on a place.

So:

darasa = classroom / class
darasani = in the classroom / in class

This is a very common pattern:

• nyumba = house
• nyumbani = at home / in the house

Swahili does not use articles like a, an, and the the way English does.

So mwalimu can mean:

• a teacher
• the teacher

The context tells you which one is meant. In this sentence, it is naturally understood as the teacher.

Because Swahili verbs normally include a subject marker, even when the subject noun is also said explicitly.

So in:

mwalimu atatuonyesha

the noun is mwalimu = teacher, and the verb still begins with a-, the subject marker for a singular human subject.

This is normal Swahili grammar, not repetition in a bad sense. It is just how the verb agrees with its subject.

The future marker is -ta-.

So in atatuonyesha:

• a- = he/she
• -ta- = will
• the rest gives the rest of the meaning

That is why the verb means he/she will show us.

It can be broken down like this:

a- = he/she
-ta- = future
-tu- = us
-onyesha = show

So:

atatuonyesha = he/she will show us

The dictionary form of the verb is kuonyesha = to show.

It can mean either he or she. Swahili does not usually mark gender in this part of the verb.

So a- simply means a singular human subject. In this sentence, since the subject is mwalimu, it means the teacher, whether male or female.

Tofauti kati ya X na Y is the normal way to say the difference between X and Y.

Here:

• tofauti = difference
• kati ya = between
• na = and

So:

tofauti kati ya umoja na wingi = the difference between singular and plural

You can think of kati ya as a fixed expression meaning between in this kind of structure.

In grammar, umoja means singular and wingi means plural.

So this sentence is talking about grammatical number:

• umoja = singular
• wingi = plural

Outside grammar, these words can also have broader meanings:

• umoja can mean unity or oneness
• wingi can mean multitude or plurality

But here the grammar meaning is the one intended.

Yes, to some extent. Swahili word order is flexible enough that the location phrase can be moved.

For example:

• Kule darasani, mwalimu atatuonyesha...
• Mwalimu atatuonyesha... kule darasani.

Both are possible, but they feel slightly different. Putting Kule darasani first sets the scene first: As for there in the classroom...

The comma in the original sentence reflects that pause or scene-setting function.