Hupaswi kutumia wembe wa mtu mwingine, na hupaswi pia kushiriki mswaki wako na mtu mwingine.

Hupaswi means you should not or you are not supposed to.

It comes from the verb -paswa, which is used for ideas like should, ought to, or be expected to. A very useful pair to learn is:

• unapaswa = you should / you are supposed to
• hupaswi = you should not / you are not supposed to

For many learners, it is easiest to memorize unapaswa / hupaswi as a set.

After hupaswi, Swahili normally uses the infinitive form of the next verb:

• kutumia = to use
• kushiriki = to share

So the pattern is:

• hupaswi kutumia... = you should not use...
• hupaswi kushiriki... = you should not share...

This works a lot like English should not + verb.

Literally, it means razor of another person.

Breakdown:

• wembe = razor
• wa = of
• mtu mwingine = another person / someone else

So:

• wembe wa mtu mwingine = someone else’s razor

This is a very common Swahili way to express possession: noun + wa/ya/la/cha... + owner.

Mtu mwingine means another person or someone else.

Breakdown:

• mtu = person
• mwingine = other / another

Swahili often uses the full phrase mtu mwingine when it wants to be explicit that it means another person, not just another one in a general sense.

So:

• wembe wa mtu mwingine = another person’s razor
• na mtu mwingine = with another person

In Swahili, possessives have to agree with the noun.

Here:

• mswaki = toothbrush
• -ako = your

With mswaki, -ako becomes wako, so:

• mswaki wako = your toothbrush

This is why Swahili does not usually say possession the same way English does. You do not just use one unchanged word for your everywhere.

Compare:

• kitabu chako = your book
• nyumba yako = your house
• mswaki wako = your toothbrush

No, the two na words do different jobs here.

1. na between the two clauses means and

   • ..., na hupaswi pia... = ..., and you also should not...

2. na before mtu mwingine means with

   • kushiriki mswaki wako na mtu mwingine = to share your toothbrush with another person

So na can mean both and and with, depending on the context.

Pia means also, too, or as well.

So:

• hupaswi pia kushiriki... = you also should not share...

It adds a second warning to the first one.

The sentence is basically saying:

• You should not do the first thing,
• and you should also not do the second thing.

It is repeated for clarity and because it sounds natural in Swahili.

The sentence could have been made shorter, but repeating hupaswi makes both parts balanced and easy to understand:

• Hupaswi kutumia...
• na hupaswi pia kushiriki...

This is similar to English saying:

• You should not use..., and you should also not share...

instead of compressing everything into one clause.

Yes, here kushiriki means share.

This verb can mean different things depending on the context:

• kushiriki katika mkutano = to participate in a meeting
• kushiriki kitu na mtu = to share something with someone

In this sentence, because it has an object (mswaki wako) and another person (na mtu mwingine), the meaning is clearly share.

Yes. That would make it sound more like a direct command.

For example:

• Usitumie wembe wa mtu mwingine, wala usishiriki mswaki wako na mtu mwingine.

That means something like:

• Don’t use someone else’s razor, and don’t share your toothbrush with someone else.

The difference is:

• hupaswi... = you should not / you are not supposed to
  More like advice, instruction, or a rule.
• usi-... = don’t...
  More direct.

Because the relationships are different.

• wembe wa mtu mwingine = someone else’s razor
  Here the sentence is showing ownership, so Swahili uses wa = of.

• kushiriki mswaki wako na mtu mwingine = share your toothbrush with someone else
  Here the sentence is showing the other person involved, so Swahili uses na = with.

So:

• wa = possession / belonging
• na = with / together with / and, depending on context