Baba alimkamulia mtoto chungwa moja kwa ajili ya juisi ya asubuhi.

It contains several pieces:

• a- = he/she
• -li- = past tense
• -m- = him/her (here, referring to mtoto)
• kamulia = squeeze for

So alimkamulia means something like he squeezed for him/her.

Because the subject is Baba, we understand a- as he here.

That m- is an object marker referring to mtoto.

In Swahili, it is very common—especially with animate, specific, or important objects—to mark the object twice:

• once inside the verb with an object marker
• and again as a full noun

So:

• alimkamulia = he squeezed for him/her
• mtoto = the child

This does not mean there are two children. It is just a normal Swahili pattern. It makes the child definite and prominent.

It adds the idea of doing the action for, to, or on behalf of someone. This is often called the applicative extension.

• kamua = squeeze
• kamulia mtoto = squeeze for the child

So the sentence is not just saying that father squeezed an orange. It says he squeezed it for the child.

No. Mtoto is the beneficiary or recipient, not the thing being squeezed.

The thing being squeezed is chungwa moja = one orange.

So the roles are:

• Baba = the doer
• mtoto = the person it is done for
• chungwa moja = the thing being squeezed

A natural English structure is Father squeezed one orange for the child.

In Swahili, numbers usually come after the noun.

So:

• chungwa moja = one orange
• watoto wawili = two children
• machungwa matatu = three oranges

That is the normal word order: noun + number/adjective.

Swahili normally does not use articles like English a/an/the.

So a noun like mtoto can mean:

• a child
• the child

The exact meaning depends on context.

In this sentence, the context probably makes mtoto and Baba feel definite, even though there is no separate word for the.

Kwa ajili ya means for, for the sake of, or for the purpose of.

Here it introduces the purpose:

• kwa ajili ya juisi ya asubuhi = for the morning juice

So it explains why the orange was squeezed.

It is a more explicit purpose phrase than plain kwa.

They are doing two different jobs.

1. kwa ajili ya

   • This is a fixed expression meaning for / for the purpose of.

2. juisi ya asubuhi

   • Here ya links juisi and asubuhi
   • It means something like of or for
   • So juisi ya asubuhi = morning juice / juice for the morning

So the first ya belongs to the phrase kwa ajili ya, while the second ya links two nouns.

Because ya is the normal connector used between nouns in phrases like this.

• juisi ya asubuhi = morning juice
• chai ya jioni = evening tea
• habari ya leo = today’s news

Using kwa there would sound unnatural for this kind of noun phrase. Ya is the standard way to connect juice with morning.

No. Kamua means to squeeze liquid out of something or milk.

For example:

• kukamua chungwa = to squeeze an orange
• kukamua ng'ombe = to milk a cow

So it is a broader verb than just squeeze an orange. In this sentence, it fits the idea of squeezing an orange to make juice.

Yes, if the child is already known from context.

• Baba alimkamulia chungwa moja...
  = Father squeezed one orange for him/her...

That would still be grammatical, because m- already tells you there is an object him/her.

Adding mtoto makes it clear exactly who that person is.

The given order is very natural:

• Baba
• alimkamulia
• mtoto
• chungwa moja
• kwa ajili ya juisi ya asubuhi

Swahili does allow some flexibility for emphasis, but this version is straightforward and easy to process. It presents:

1. the subject
2. the verb
3. the beneficiary
4. the thing affected
5. the purpose

That is why it feels like a good neutral sentence for learners.