Mwalimu anafanya tathmini kila mwisho wa wiki.

The teacher does an assessment at the end of each week.

Breakdown of Mwalimu anafanya tathmini kila mwisho wa wiki.

• kufanya: to do
• mwalimu: the teacher
• kila: every
• wa: of
• wiki: the week
• mwisho: the end
• tathmini: the assessment

Questions & Answers about Mwalimu anafanya tathmini kila mwisho wa wiki.

What does the verb form anafanya consist of in Swahili?

It is made up of three parts:

• a-: the subject-concord prefix for 3rd person singular (he/she)
• -na-: the present‐tense/aspect marker (indicates present habitual or ongoing action)
• fanya: the verb root meaning “do” or “make”

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Why is the prefix a- necessary if the subject mwalimu (teacher) is already mentioned?

In Swahili every verb must carry a subject-agreement prefix to show who is performing the action. Even though mwalimu names the subject, the a- in anafanya confirms “he/she does.” Without that prefix the verb would be incomplete.

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What’s the difference between anafanya and hufanya?

Both can describe actions that happen regularly, but:

• anafanya (a-na-fanya) is neutral present tense, often “he/she is doing” or “does.”
• hufanya (hu-fanya) uses the habitual marker hu- to mean “he/she usually does.”
  In many contexts they overlap, but hufanya stresses a routine habit more strongly.

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What does tathmini mean, and why do we say fanya tathmini instead of just using tathmini as a verb?

tathmini is a noun meaning “assessment,” “evaluation,” or “review.” To express “to carry out an assessment,” Swahili uses the verb fanya (“do/make”) plus the noun: fanya tathmini = “do an assessment.”
(There is also the verbal form kutathmini “to evaluate,” but it’s more formal and less common in everyday speech.)

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How does kila function in kila mwisho wa wiki?

kila means “each” or “every.” It directly modifies the noun mwisho (“end”), so kila mwisho = “every end.” Then wa wiki (“of week”) completes the phrase: “every end of the week.”

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Why do we use the connector wa in mwisho wa wiki? Where does wa come from?

Swahili uses noun-class–based connectors (junctions) to link nouns in possessive/genitive constructions.

• mwisho is class 3 (M-/WA- pattern)
• wiki is class 9
  The correct connector between class 3 and class 9 nouns is wa, so mwisho wa wiki literally = “end of the week.”

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Could I instead say mwisho wa kila wiki or mwishoni mwa wiki? What’s the difference?

Yes. All three express “every week’s end,” but with slight stylistic shifts:

• kila mwisho wa wiki: literally “each end of (the) week”
• mwisho wa kila wiki: “the end of every week” (more idiomatic)
• mwishoni mwa wiki: “at the end of the week” (locative -ni on mwisho plus connector mwa)
  For a habitual event you’d often hear mwishoni mwa kila wiki = “at the end of every week.”

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How do you pronounce mwisho and mwalimu?

• mwisho: m-wĭ-shō (think “mwee-sho”)
• mwalimu: mwä-lē-mū (think “mwa-lee-moo”)
  The mw cluster is a single consonant sound [mw], not m + w separately.