Juma atakaa kwenye dawati hilo wakati wa chemsha-bongo.

Juma will sit at that desk during the brain-teaser game.

Breakdown of Juma atakaa kwenye dawati hilo wakati wa chemsha-bongo.

• Juma: Juma
• kwenye: at
• wakati: the time
• wa: of
• hilo: that
• kukaa: to sit
• dawati: the desk
• chemsha-bongo: the brain-teaser game

Questions & Answers about Juma atakaa kwenye dawati hilo wakati wa chemsha-bongo.

What does atakaa mean, and how is it formed?

atakaa breaks down into three parts:

• a- : 3rd person singular subject prefix (“he/she”)
• -ta- : future tense marker
• kaa : verb stem meaning “sit” or “remain”

Put together, atakaa means “he will sit” or “he will remain.”

Why is the future tense used here? How would you say “he is sitting” or “he sat”?

The sentence describes a future action (“Juma will sit…”). To express other tenses of kaa:

• Present: anakaa (a- + na- present marker + kaa) = “he is sitting”
• Past: alikaa (a- + li- past marker + kaa) = “he sat”

What role does kwenye play in kwenye dawati hilo?

kwenye is a locative preposition meaning “at,” “on,” or “in.” It marks the location of the action, so kwenye dawati = “at the desk.”

Why is dawati followed by hilo, and what does hilo indicate?

dawati (“desk”) belongs to noun class 5. Its demonstrative for “that” in class 5 is hilo. So dawati hilo literally means “that desk.” Demonstratives in Swahili must agree with the noun class.

What does wakati wa mean in wakati wa chemsha-bongo, and can this phrase be moved?

• wakati = “time” or “when”
• wa = genitive/linking particle for noun class 9/10

Together, wakati wa means “during” or “at the time of.” Yes, you can front it for emphasis:
Wakati wa chemsha-bongo, Juma atakaa kwenye dawati hilo.

What is chemsha-bongo, and why is it hyphenated?

Literally, chemsha = “to boil” and bongo = “brain.” As a hyphenated compound, chemsha-bongo is an idiom for “brainstorming” or “intense mental effort.” The hyphen links the two words into a single concept.