Learn Hardcore Swahili: Mwalimu anatoa maelezo muhimu darasani. - The teacher gives important explanations in the class.

The sentence translates roughly as "The teacher gives important explanations in the classroom." Each word contributes to this meaning: mwalimu means teacher; anatoa means gives (with a present continuous or habitual sense); maelezo means explanations or information; muhimu means important; and darasani means in the classroom.

How does the prefix a- in anatoa function in this sentence?

In Swahili, the prefix a- is a subject marker that agrees with the noun mwalimu (teacher). It indicates that the action is performed by the teacher—corresponding to the third person singular (he/she) in English.

What role does the infix na in anatoa play regarding tense or aspect?

The infix na signals a present continuous or habitual aspect. This means that anatoa can be understood as "is giving" or "gives", showing that the action is happening now or on a regular basis.

Why does the adjective muhimu follow the noun maelezo instead of coming before it?

In Swahili, adjectives usually come after the nouns they modify. Thus, maelezo muhimu follows the norm where the adjective (muhimu, meaning important) is placed after the noun (maelezo, meaning explanations) to form the phrase "important explanations."

How is location expressed in the sentence using the word darasani?

Location is conveyed by adding the locative suffix -ni to the noun darasa (classroom), which results in darasani meaning "in the classroom." This use of -ni clearly indicates where the action is taking place.

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