Learn Hardcore Swahili: Tafadhali, usijali kukosea tunapojifunza; badala yake, jaribu kujibu swali la mwalimu. - Please, do not worry about making mistakes when we learn; instead, try to answer the teacher’s question.

Tafadhali translates to "please" in English. It’s used as a polite introduction, inviting the listener to pay attention to the following advice.

How is the negative command expressed in usijali?

Usijali means "don't worry". It is formed by attaching the negative command prefix "usi-" to the root "jali" (to care or worry). This structure tells someone not to worry.

What is the role of kukosea in the sentence?

Kukosea is an infinitive meaning "to make mistakes." In this sentence, it is paired with usijali to indicate that one should not worry about making mistakes while learning.

How is tunapojifunza constructed and what does it signify?

Tunapojifunza breaks down into "tuna-" (we are) + "-po-" (a relative marker meaning “when/while”) + "jifunza" (to learn). It effectively means "as we are learning" or "while we learn," conveying the ongoing process of learning.

What does badala yake contribute to the overall meaning?

Badala yake means "instead." It introduces a contrasting idea by suggesting an alternative action—emphasizing that rather than worrying about mistakes, one should take a proactive approach.

How is the command jaribu kujibu swali la mwalimu structured grammatically?

The sentence starts with the imperative jaribu (meaning "try"), followed by the infinitive kujibu (meaning "to answer"), and concludes with swali la mwalimu (meaning "the teacher's question"). This structure creates a clear instruction: rather than worrying about mistakes, you are encouraged to actively try answering the teacher’s question.

Why are infinitives like kukosea and kujibu used here instead of fully conjugated verbs?

Infinitives in Swahili serve as a general form of the verb without tying them to a particular subject or tense. In this context, they follow the commands and express general actions—making mistakes and answering a question—in a concise and neutral manner.

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