El partido político ganó.

Because partido is a masculine singular noun in Spanish, so it takes the masculine singular definite article el.

• el partido
• el partido político

In Spanish, the article must agree with the noun in gender and number.

Yes. Partido can mean different things depending on context, including:

• political party
• match / game in sports

In this sentence, político makes the meaning clear: partido político = political party.

So without político, El partido ganó could be ambiguous in some contexts.

In Spanish, adjectives often come after the noun they describe, especially when they classify or identify the type of thing.

So:

• partido político = political party

This is the normal order. Putting político before the noun would sound unusual here and would not be the standard way to say it.

Here, político is an adjective describing partido.

It agrees with partido in gender and number:

• partido político = masculine singular
• partidos políticos = masculine plural

As a separate word, político can also be a noun meaning politician, but not in this sentence.

Ganó is the preterite tense, third person singular, of ganar.

• infinitive: ganar = to win
• ganó = he/she/it won

Here it means the action is viewed as a completed past event:

• The political party won.

The accent mark shows both pronunciation and meaning.

• ganó = he/she/it won (preterite)
• gano = I win (present), although this form is much less common in isolation

The written accent tells you the stress falls on the last syllable: ga-NÓ.

So the accent is important because it helps distinguish different verb forms.

Spanish often leaves out subject pronouns when they are not needed. This is called being a pro-drop language.

In English, you must say:

• It won

In Spanish, the verb ending often gives enough information:

• ganó = he/she/it won

So El partido político ganó is completely natural without a separate word for it.

Yes. Spanish word order is more flexible than English word order.

• El partido político ganó
• Ganó el partido político

Both are grammatical. The first is the most neutral and straightforward. The second may put a little more focus on the fact that it won.

Spanish often changes word order for emphasis, style, or information structure.

Yes, but only if the context already makes the meaning clear.

• If you are talking about elections, El partido ganó can mean The party won.
• If you are talking about sports, El partido ganó would sound odd, because a match does not usually win something; instead, a team wins the match.

So partido político removes possible confusion and makes the meaning explicit.

A rough pronunciation is:

el par-TEE-do po-LEE-tee-ko ga-NO

A more Spain-oriented IPA version is: [el paɾˈtiðo poˈlitiko ɣaˈno]

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• r in partido is a tapped r
• d in partido is often softer between vowels
• the stress is on:
  • par-TI-do
  • po-LÍ-ti-co
  • ga-NÓ

Yes. The verb agrees with the subject in number and person.

• El partido político ganó = singular
• Los partidos políticos ganaron = plural

So because el partido político is one party, the verb is ganó.

Yes. This sentence is standard Spanish and works the same way across the Spanish-speaking world.

• El partido político ganó.

The grammar and meaning are the same in Spain and Latin America. The main differences would be pronunciation and, in some contexts, political vocabulary or style, but this sentence itself is completely standard everywhere.