El permiso retribuido incluye el salario; el permiso no retribuido no.

Here permiso means leave from work or time off, not general permission in the abstract.

In workplace Spanish, especially in Spain, permiso is commonly used for an authorized absence from work, for example:

• permiso retribuido = paid leave
• permiso no retribuido = unpaid leave

So although permiso can often mean permission, in this context it is closer to leave.

Retribuido means paid or more literally remunerated/compensated.

It comes from the verb retribuir, meaning to remunerate or to compensate. In employment language:

• permiso retribuido = paid leave
• permiso no retribuido = unpaid leave

You may also hear permiso pagado, but retribuido sounds especially common and natural in formal HR or legal contexts in Spain.

In Spanish, the normal way to make this phrase negative is simply no retribuido = not paid.

So:

• retribuido = paid
• no retribuido = unpaid / not paid

Spanish often uses no + adjective/participle where English might prefer a single-word adjective like unpaid.

Spanish often repeats the noun phrase for clarity and contrast, especially in comparisons like this:

• El permiso retribuido...
• el permiso no retribuido...

Repeating el permiso makes the contrast very clear: one type of leave versus the other.

Could it be shortened? Sometimes yes, depending on context, but this full version is very natural and clear, especially in explanatory or legal-style language.

That final no stands in for the whole negative idea does not include it or does not include the salary.

So:

• El permiso retribuido incluye el salario
• el permiso no retribuido no

The second part literally looks incomplete, but it is perfectly normal Spanish. The final no replaces the repeated verb phrase:

• full version: el permiso no retribuido no incluye el salario
• shortened version: el permiso no retribuido no

This is a common kind of ellipsis in Spanish.

No, they do different jobs.

• In no retribuido, no modifies retribuido and means not paid.
• At the end, no negates the omitted verb phrase: does not include it / does not include the salary.

So the sentence contains two different uses of no:

1. adjectival negation: no retribuido
2. sentence/clause negation: no

Because Spanish often avoids repetition when the meaning is obvious from the previous clause.

The full version would be:

• El permiso retribuido incluye el salario; el permiso no retribuido no incluye el salario.

But repeating everything sounds heavier. So Spanish drops the repeated material and leaves just no to mark the contrast.

This is similar to English ellipsis in sentences like:

• Paid leave includes salary; unpaid leave doesn’t.

The semicolon links two closely related clauses while keeping a strong contrast between them.

So this punctuation works well because the sentence is basically comparing two parallel ideas:

• El permiso retribuido incluye el salario
• el permiso no retribuido no

A comma might be weaker, and pero would also be possible in some reformulations, but the semicolon gives the sentence a formal, neat, explanatory feel.

In Spanish, abstract or general nouns often take the definite article where English might not use one.

So:

• incluye el salario = includes salary / includes the salary

This does not necessarily mean one specific salary in a narrow sense; it is just the normal Spanish way to refer to salary/pay as a concept in this context.

Yes. Retribuido is functioning like an adjective, so it agrees with the noun it describes.

Since permiso is:

• masculine
• singular

the form is:

• retribuido
• no retribuido

If the noun were feminine singular, it would change:

• la baja retribuida

If plural:

• los permisos retribuidos
• las bajas retribuidas

Yes. Those are possible, but they are not all equally common in every context.

In Spain:

• permiso retribuido is very standard in legal, administrative, and workplace language.
• permiso remunerado is understandable and formal, but less fixed as a set phrase in this exact context.
• permiso pagado is understandable and more transparent for learners, but less idiomatic than retribuido in official HR wording.

So if you want the most natural phrase for Spain in formal employment language, permiso retribuido is an excellent choice.

Yes. A fuller version would be:

• El permiso retribuido incluye el salario; el permiso no retribuido no incluye el salario.

A slightly more explicit version could be:

• En el permiso retribuido se cobra el salario; en el permiso no retribuido, no.

A simpler learner-friendly version might be:

• El permiso retribuido es con salario; el no retribuido, no.

But the original sentence is compact, natural, and especially suitable for formal explanation.

Yes, especially because of the workplace term permiso retribuido, which is very common in Spain.

A speaker from another Spanish-speaking country would understand it, but the exact HR/legal phrasing may vary by region. In Spain, this sounds very natural in employment, administrative, or legal contexts.