La audiometría mide el umbral auditivo en decibelios.

In Spanish, it is very common to use the definite article with nouns where English often uses no article.

So la audiometría means audiometry or the audiometry test/process, depending on context.

Compare:

• La audiometría mide... = Audiometry measures...
• La medicina estudia... = Medicine studies...

English often drops the article in these general statements, but Spanish usually keeps it.

Mide is the third person singular form of the verb medir (to measure) in the present tense.

Conjugation of medir in the present:

• yo mido
• tú mides
• él/ella/usted mide
• nosotros/nosotras medimos
• vosotros/vosotras medís
• ellos/ellas/ustedes miden

Here the subject is la audiometría, which is singular, so the verb must also be singular: mide.

Spanish usually does not need subject pronouns unless you want emphasis or contrast, because the verb ending already shows who or what the subject is.

So:

• La audiometría mide... is perfectly natural.
• Ella mide... would sound odd here, because ella is for a female person or something personified, and it is unnecessary.

Spanish prefers the noun itself or simply the verb form when the subject is clear.

Umbral auditivo is a noun phrase:

• umbral = threshold
• auditivo = auditory / hearing-related

So auditivo is an adjective describing umbral.

This is a very normal Spanish pattern:

• presión arterial = blood pressure
• sistema nervioso = nervous system
• capacidad pulmonar = lung capacity

In Spanish, adjectives often come after the noun, especially in technical or descriptive language.

Both are grammatically possible, but they mean slightly different things.

• el umbral auditivo = the auditory threshold / hearing threshold
• un umbral auditivo = an auditory threshold

In scientific or technical statements, Spanish often uses the definite article when talking about a standard concept in general. So el umbral auditivo refers to the concept being measured, not just any random threshold.

En decibelios means in decibels and expresses the unit of measurement.

Spanish commonly uses en for this idea:

• medir en metros = to measure in metres
• expresar en euros = to express in euros
• pesar en kilos = to weigh in kilos

So:

• La audiometría mide el umbral auditivo en decibelios
  = Audiometry measures the hearing threshold in decibels

Using en here is the normal choice.

Yes. In technical, scientific, or medical writing, dB is very common.

So both are possible:

• en decibelios
• en dB

The full word decibelios sounds a bit more explanatory or learner-friendly, while dB is more compact and technical.

The accent mark shows where the stress goes: au-dio-me-TRÍ-a.

Without the accent, Spanish spelling rules would suggest a different stress pattern, so the written accent is necessary.

It also helps you hear that -tría is pronounced clearly, with stress on í.

A natural Spain pronunciation is approximately:

ow-dyo-me-TREE-ah

More carefully:

• au like the ow in cow
• dio roughly like dyo
• stress on trí
• final a clearly pronounced

So: au-dio-me-TRÍ-a

It can be either, depending on context.

Possible meanings include:

• audiometry as a medical testing method
• an audiometric test in a practical sense
• the broader procedure or discipline of measuring hearing

In this sentence, it most naturally refers to the test or method of audiometry.

Yes, but the original order is the most neutral and natural.

Standard order:

• La audiometría mide el umbral auditivo en decibelios.

You might also see, for emphasis:

• El umbral auditivo se mide en decibelios mediante la audiometría.

That version shifts the focus to the hearing threshold rather than audiometry.

So the original sentence is straightforward and typical for a definition or explanation.

Because auditivo is the correct adjective meaning auditory or related to hearing.

Useful distinction:

• audición = hearing
• auditivo = auditory / hearing-related
• auditorio = auditorium, or in some contexts an audience-related term

So umbral auditivo is the normal medical expression for auditory threshold or hearing threshold.

Yes, it is fairly technical or medical-scientific in tone.

Words like:

• audiometría
• umbral auditivo
• decibelios

are common in medical, educational, or scientific contexts. The grammar itself is not especially difficult, but the vocabulary is specialised.