La germinación sucede en la bandeja de germinación.

Yes. In this sentence, sucede means happens or takes place.

• La germinación sucede... = Germination happens...
• La germinación ocurre... is also very natural and probably even a bit more common in many contexts.
• Pasa is understandable, but it can sound more casual or less precise here.

So for a neutral, slightly formal sentence about a biological process, sucede and ocurre both work well.

The first germinación is the main subject: La germinación = germination.

The second one is part of the phrase bandeja de germinación, which means germination tray or seed tray.

So the structure is:

• La germinación = the process
• la bandeja de germinación = the tray intended for that process

Spanish often uses de + noun where English uses a noun as an adjective:

• bandeja de germinación = germination tray
• mesa de madera = wooden table
• zapatos de cuero = leather shoes

Yes. Both nouns are feminine singular, so they take la.

• la germinación
• la bandeja

This is just grammatical gender. It does not mean the things themselves are feminine in a real-world sense.

A helpful clue is that many nouns ending in -ción are feminine:

• la germinación
• la información
• la producción

And many nouns ending in -a are also feminine, including la bandeja.

Because Spanish usually needs articles where English often leaves them out.

In this sentence:

• La germinación refers to the process in a general, natural way.
• la bandeja de germinación refers to the tray as a specific type of object.

Without the articles, the sentence would sound unnatural or incomplete in standard Spanish.

Spanish often uses the definite article with general concepts:

• La vida es corta.
• La música ayuda.
• La germinación sucede...

En means in, on, or at, depending on context. Here it is best understood as in or in/on the germination tray.

With containers, spaces, or surfaces, Spanish often uses en:

• en la caja = in the box
• en la mesa = on the table
• en la bandeja = in/on the tray

English makes a sharper distinction between in and on than Spanish often does.

It means germination tray or seed tray, but regional vocabulary can vary.

Depending on the country, people might also say things like:

• charola de germinación
• bandeja para germinar
• semillero (this can mean seedbed, seed tray, or seed-starting setup, depending on context)

So bandeja de germinación is clear and understandable, but another region might prefer a different everyday term.

Yes. That is grammatically correct.

Both versions work:

• La germinación sucede en la bandeja de germinación.
• En la bandeja de germinación sucede la germinación.

The difference is emphasis:

• Starting with La germinación emphasizes what happens
• Starting with En la bandeja de germinación emphasizes where it happens

Spanish word order is often more flexible than English word order.

Yes, but the meaning shifts slightly.

• La germinación sucede en la bandeja de germinación.
  This talks about the process of germination.

• La semilla germina en la bandeja de germinación.
  This talks about the seed germinating.

So the original sentence is a little more technical or explanatory because it focuses on the process as a noun: germinación.

Literally, yes. But in natural English, it usually corresponds to for germination or functions like an adjective:

• bandeja de germinación = germination tray
• more literally: tray for germination

This is a very common Spanish pattern. The de + noun phrase often describes purpose, material, type, or content.

The stress is on the last syllable because of the written accent: germinación.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• ger-mi-na-CIÓN

A few details:

• g before e sounds like a strong Spanish h sound: jer-
• ción sounds roughly like see-ON in Latin American Spanish, with the stress on -ón

So a rough English-friendly approximation is: her-mee-nah-SYON

It is natural, but it sounds somewhat explanatory, educational, or technical.

You might see it in:

• gardening instructions
• biology materials
• agricultural guides
• product descriptions

In more everyday speech, a speaker might say something simpler, such as:

• La semilla germina en la bandeja.
• La germinación ocurre en la bandeja.
• Las semillas germinan ahí.

So the original sentence is correct and natural, just a bit more formal or descriptive.