El consumo se mide en kilovatios hora.

Se mide is a very common Spanish structure called passive se. In this sentence, it means is measured.

So:

• El consumo se mide en kilovatios hora.
• literally: Consumption measures itself in kilowatt-hours
• natural English: Consumption is measured in kilowatt-hours

Spanish often prefers this structure instead of a full passive with ser:

• El consumo es medido... = grammatically possible, but less natural here
• El consumo se mide... = the normal everyday way

Spanish normally uses en to express the unit something is measured in.

Examples:

• La distancia se mide en kilómetros.
• La temperatura se mide en grados.
• El peso se mide en kilos.

So se mide en = is measured in.

An English speaker may want to say something like measured by or measured with, but for units, Spanish usually uses en.

Spanish often uses the definite article with general nouns where English may leave it out.

So:

• El consumo = consumption in a general sense
• not necessarily the consumption in a very specific English sense

This is very normal in Spanish:

• La energía es cara.
• El agua es importante.
• El consumo ha aumentado.

In English, we often omit the article in these general statements, but Spanish frequently keeps it.

Here consumo means consumption, especially energy use or electricity use.

In utility or technical contexts, consumo is the standard word for how much electricity, gas, water, etc. is used.

For example:

• consumo de electricidad = electricity consumption
• consumo de energía = energy consumption

So in this sentence, el consumo most likely refers to electricity consumption.

Because kilovatio hora means kilowatt-hour, which is a unit of energy. That is the unit used to measure electricity consumption.

But kilovatios por hora would mean kilowatts per hour, which is something different. That would describe a rate of change of power, not normal electricity usage on a bill.

This is a very important distinction:

• kilovatio hora / kWh = energy consumed
• kilovatio / kW = power
• kilovatios por hora = kilowatts per hour, a different concept

So for household electricity consumption, kilovatio hora or kWh is what you want.

Yes, it is understandable and common, especially in practical use. You may also see related forms such as:

• kilovatio hora
• kilovatio-hora
• kWh

In technical or dictionary-style form, kilovatio hora or kilovatio-hora is very common. In real-world usage, especially when talking about quantities, speakers often say kilovatios hora.

So if you see slight variation, that is normal. The abbreviation kWh is extremely common and often avoids the issue altogether.

Because kilovatio hora functions as a compound unit name: kilowatt-hour.

In these compound measurement expressions, the second part often stays in singular form as part of the fixed unit name. That is why you get:

• kilovatio hora
• kilovatios hora

This can feel strange to an English speaker, but it is similar to how compound unit names often behave as set expressions rather than fully regular noun phrases.

In everyday reading, you should mainly recognize it as the unit kWh.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

kee-loh-BAH-tyohs OH-rah

More closely by word:

• kilovatios → kee-loh-BAH-tyohs
• hora → OH-rah

A few tips:

• v in Spanish is usually pronounced much like b
• h in hora is silent
• stress falls on va in kilovatios
• stress falls on the first syllable in hora

Yes, but it is not exactly the same in feel.

• El consumo se mide en... = Consumption is measured in...
  This states the general method or standard.
• El consumo está medido en... = Consumption is measured in... / has been measured in...
  This sounds more like a resulting state.

For a general fact, se mide en is the more natural choice.

Almost certainly yes.

Because kilovatio hora (kWh) is the standard unit used for electrical energy consumption, the sentence strongly suggests that el consumo means electricity usage.

If you wanted to make that explicit, you could say:

• El consumo de electricidad se mide en kilovatios hora.

That removes any ambiguity.

Not perfectly. A word-for-word translation would sound awkward:

• The consumption measures itself in kilowatt-hours.

The natural English translation is:

• Consumption is measured in kilowatt-hours.

This is a good example of where Spanish and English use different grammar to express the same idea. Spanish uses se mide very naturally; English prefers a passive construction with is measured.