Pošiljka je oštećena.

Serbian does not have articles, so it does not use separate words like the or a/an.

So pošiljka can mean:

• the shipment
• a shipment

The exact sense depends on context.

Je is the 3rd person singular present form of biti (to be).

So:

• pošiljka = shipment
• je = is
• oštećena = damaged

It works like is in English.

Because it agrees with pošiljka, which is a feminine singular noun.

In Serbian, adjectives and participle-like forms must agree with the noun in:

• gender
• number
• case

Since pošiljka is feminine singular nominative, the form is oštećena.

Compare:

• paket je oštećen — the package is damaged
• pošiljka je oštećena — the shipment is damaged
• pisma su oštećena — the letters are damaged

It is in the nominative singular.

That is because pošiljka is the subject of the sentence. In simple X is Y sentences, the subject is normally in the nominative.

In this sentence, it behaves like an adjectival form meaning damaged, but historically it is also related to a passive participle.

For a learner, the most useful way to understand it is:

• je oštećena = is damaged / has been damaged

So yes, it has a passive/resultative feel, but in practice you can often treat it like an adjective describing the state of the shipment.

Usually it describes a state/result: the shipment is in a damaged condition.

Depending on context, English might translate it as:

• The shipment is damaged
• The shipment has been damaged

Serbian often uses this structure to express the result of something that happened, without focusing on who did it.

Yes. Serbian word order is more flexible than English.

The neutral order is:

• Pošiljka je oštećena.

But you may also hear:

• Oštećena je pošiljka.

That version puts more focus on oštećena or sounds more marked/stylistic. For most learners, the original word order is the safest default.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Pošiljka ≈ po-SHEEL-yka
• je ≈ ye
• oštećena ≈ osh-TEH-che-na

A few useful sound notes:

• š = sh as in ship
• j = y as in yes
• lj is a soft ly-like sound
• ć is a soft ch-like sound, softer than č

Also, Serbian stress is not usually marked in normal writing.

They are related, but not always identical.

• pošiljka = shipment / dispatch / consignment / mailed item
• paket = package / parcel / box

Pošiljka is broader and can refer to something sent through the mail or delivery system in general.
Paket usually refers more specifically to the physical package.

So in many contexts they may both work, but they are not perfect substitutes in every situation.

You replace je with nije:

• Pošiljka nije oštećena. — The shipment is not damaged.

That is the normal way to negate this kind of sentence.

You make all the agreeing parts plural:

• Pošiljke su oštećene. — The shipments are damaged.

Changes:

• pošiljka → pošiljke
• je → su
• oštećena → oštećene

This is a good example of how Serbian agreement works across the whole sentence.