Пожалуйста, не двигай стол.

Двигать is the infinitive, meaning to move. In this sentence, Russian needs the imperative form, because the speaker is telling someone not to do something.

So:

• двигать = to move
• двигай = move! / in this sentence with не, don’t move!

Here the full pattern is:

• двигай = singular informal command
• не двигай = don’t move

Не is the normal word for not in Russian. To make a negative command, Russian usually uses:

• не + imperative

So:

• Двигай стол. = Move the table.
• Не двигай стол. = Don’t move the table.

This is the standard way to say don’t do X.

Yes. Двигай is the singular informal imperative. You would use it with:

• one person you address with ты
• a child
• a friend
• someone in an informal situation

For plural or formal you, Russian uses -йте:

• Не двигайте стол.

That can mean:

• Don’t move the table (to several people)
• Don’t move the table (to one person, politely/formally)

Because стол is the direct object of the verb двигать, so it should be in the accusative case.

However, for many masculine inanimate nouns, the accusative looks exactly the same as the nominative.

So:

• nominative: стол
• accusative: стол

That is why the form does not visibly change here.

Compare with a feminine noun, where you would see a clearer change:

• книга → двигай книгу

In this sentence, пожалуйста means please and makes the command more polite or softer:

• Пожалуйста, не двигай стол. = Please, don’t move the table.

Yes, пожалуйста often means please, but it can also mean you’re welcome in other contexts.

For example:

• Спасибо. — Пожалуйста. = Thank you. — You’re welcome.

So its exact meaning depends on context.

Yes. Russian word order is fairly flexible, and пожалуйста can appear in different places.

For example:

• Пожалуйста, не двигай стол.
• Не двигай, пожалуйста, стол.
• Не двигай стол, пожалуйста.

All of these are possible. The first one is very natural and common.

The differences are mostly about tone and emphasis, not basic meaning.

The usual stress is:

• Пожа́луйста, не дви́гай стол.

Important part for learners:

• дви́гай — stress on дви́-

Stress matters in Russian, so it is useful to learn the verb together with its stressed form.

Russian has several verbs that can translate as move, and they are not always interchangeable.

• двигать / двинуть
• передвигать / передвинуть
• подвигать / подвинуть

In everyday speech, Не двигай стол is a very natural way to say Don’t move the table.

A verb like подвинуть often suggests move it a bit / shift it. So:

• Не двигай стол = general don’t move the table
• Не подвинь стол is not the usual neutral version here

For a learner, не двигай стол is the straightforward standard pattern to understand first.

Not necessarily. Imperatives in Russian are very common and can sound neutral, firm, friendly, or rude depending on:

• the relationship between speakers
• intonation
• whether words like пожалуйста are added

So:

• Не двигай стол. = can sound direct or firm
• Пожалуйста, не двигай стол. = softer and more polite

As in English, tone matters a lot.

Yes. That would mean Don’t move this table.

• стол = table
• этот стол = this table

Russian often leaves out words like this when the context already makes it clear which object is meant. So the shorter sentence sounds perfectly natural if everyone knows which table is being talked about.