Пожалуйста, унеси пустую бутылку со стола.

Унеси is the imperative singular of унести.

A few important things are going on:

• нести = to carry
• унести = to carry away / take away
• унеси = carry it away / take it away (said to one person)

The prefix у- adds the idea of away from here. So this is not just carry in general, but specifically remove it and take it away.

Also, унести is perfective, so the command sounds like do this as a complete action.

This is a perfective vs. imperfective difference.

• унеси = perfective imperative
  
  • asks for one complete action
  • take it away
• уноси = imperfective imperative
  
  • can sound like be taking it away, carry it away, or sometimes repeated/habitual depending on context

In a normal one-time request like this, Russian usually prefers the perfective imperative: унеси.

So Пожалуйста, унеси... sounds natural for Please take away...

Because it is the direct object of the verb, so it goes into the accusative case.

The dictionary forms are:

• пустая = empty
• бутылка = bottle

Since бутылка is a feminine singular animate? No — it is feminine singular inanimate, and in the accusative feminine singular, the ending changes:

• пустая бутылка → nominative
• пустую бутылку → accusative

So:

• пустая → пустую
• бутылка → бутылку

That is exactly what you expect after a verb like унеси.

Со стола is in the genitive case.

The preposition here is с / со, which in this meaning means from, off. When it expresses movement away from a place, it takes the genitive:

• стол → dictionary form
• стола → genitive singular

So со стола means from the table / off the table.

Both с and со are forms of the same preposition.

Russian often uses со instead of с when it is easier to pronounce.
Here, с стола would put several consonants together awkwardly, so Russian prefers:

• со стола

This is mainly a pronunciation/euphony issue.

You will see the same thing in other phrases, such as:

• со мной
• со шкафа
• со второго этажа

Because Russian distinguishes between:

• location: where something is
• movement away from a place: from where something is taken

Compare:

• на столе = on the table → location, so prepositional
• со стола = from the table / off the table → movement away, so genitive

In this sentence, the bottle is being removed from the table, so Russian uses со стола, not на столе or столе.

It is polite enough in many everyday situations because of пожалуйста.

But the sentence is still addressed with the informal singular imperative:

• унеси = talking to one person in the ты form

So the tone is:

• polite but informal
• natural between family members, friends, children, classmates, close coworkers, etc.

If you want to be more formal or address more than one person, you would say:

• Пожалуйста, унесите пустую бутылку со стола.

That is the formal singular or plural version.

One person, informally.

You can tell from унеси, which is the singular informal imperative.

Russian imperative forms show who the speaker is talking to:

• унеси = to one person, informal
• унесите = to one person formally, or to several people

So this sentence assumes the speaker is talking to one person they use ты with.

Here пожалуйста means please.

It softens the imperative and makes the request more courteous:

• Унеси пустую бутылку со стола. = Take the empty bottle off the table.
• Пожалуйста, унеси пустую бутылку со стола. = Please take the empty bottle off the table.

Russian пожалуйста is very common in requests.
It can also mean you’re welcome in other contexts, but here it clearly means please.

Yes, but the nuance changes.

• унеси = take it away, carry it away
• убери = remove it / put it away / clear it away
• забери = take it away with you / collect it / take possession of it
• отнеси = take it over there / carry it to some destination

So унеси specifically emphasizes taking the bottle away from here.
If the focus were just clear the table, убери might also sound natural.

Yes, Russian word order is fairly flexible.

This order is neutral and natural:

• Пожалуйста, унеси пустую бутылку со стола.

But Russian could rearrange parts for emphasis, for example:

• Пожалуйста, со стола унеси пустую бутылку.
• Пустую бутылку со стола, пожалуйста, унеси.

The basic grammar does not change because the case endings show the roles:

• пустую бутылку = object
• со стола = source, from the table

So word order in Russian often affects focus and style, not the core meaning.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Стол is a general word for a table-like piece of furniture. In English, the best translation might be:

• table
• desk

In this sentence, if there is an empty bottle on it, table is probably the most natural interpretation, but Russian itself does not force that distinction.

The main stress is:

• Пожа́луйста, унеси́ пусту́ю буты́лку со стола́.

A few useful notes:

• Пожа́луйста — stress on жа
• унеси́ — stress on the last syllable
• пусту́ю — stress on ту
• буты́лку — stress on ты
• стола́ — stress on the last syllable

Learners often find пустую tricky because of the vowel sequence, but it is pronounced smoothly as one word.

Russian has no articles like the or a/an.

So пустую бутылку can mean:

• the empty bottle
• an empty bottle

The exact meaning depends on context.
In a real situation, speakers usually know which bottle is meant, so English often uses the when translating, even though Russian does not have a separate word for it.