Плов с говядиной сытнее, чем омлет с ветчиной.

In Russian, the verb быть meaning to be is normally omitted in the present tense.

So Russian says:

Плов с говядиной сытнее, чем омлет с ветчиной.

Word-for-word, this is closer to:

Pilaf with beef more filling than omelet with ham.

If you wanted the past or future, Russian would use a form of быть, for example:

Плов с говядиной был сытнее...
Pilaf with beef was more filling...

Russian does not have articles.

So плов can mean pilaf, the pilaf, or a pilaf, depending on context. The same is true for омлет.

In this sentence, the meaning is understood from the situation:

• it could be talking about these dishes in general
• or about two specific dishes that the speakers are looking at

Russian leaves that to context instead of using articles.

Сытнее is the comparative form of сытный.

• сытный = filling, satisfying
• сытнее = more filling, more satisfying

So the sentence compares two foods and says one makes you feel fuller than the other.

Russian often uses this short comparative form instead of a separate word like more in English.

You could also say:

более сытный

but сытнее is more natural and compact here.

Russian comparatives are often formed in a shorter, less predictable way than in English.

Here:

• dictionary form: сытный
• comparative: сытнее

This kind of change is normal. Compare:

• вкусный → вкуснее
• сильный → сильнее

So you cannot always just attach one fixed ending to the full dictionary form. Often the adjective stem changes a little when forming the comparative.

Because after с meaning with, Russian normally uses the instrumental case.

So:

• говядина → с говядиной
• ветчина → с ветчиной

Here с means with, in the sense of an ingredient or accompaniment:

• плов с говядиной = pilaf with beef
• омлет с ветчиной = omelet with ham

This is a very common pattern in Russian.

Because each food has its own with... phrase.

• плов с говядиной = pilaf with beef
• омлет с ветчиной = omelet with ham

The sentence is comparing one complete dish to another complete dish.

If you removed one с phrase, the meaning would change. For example:

• Плов с говядиной сытнее, чем омлет.
  Pilaf with beef is more filling than omelet.

That would no longer mention ham at all.

Чем is the normal word for than after a comparative.

So:

• сытнее, чем... = more filling than...

It introduces the second item in the comparison:

Плов с говядиной сытнее, чем омлет с ветчиной.

Russian can sometimes make comparisons without чем, using the genitive case instead, for example:

Плов с говядиной сытнее омлета с ветчиной.

But чем is very common, very clear, and often the easiest pattern for learners to recognize.

They are in the nominative case because they are the main nouns being compared.

The sentence is structured like:

• плов с говядиной = item 1
• сытнее = is more filling
• чем омлет с ветчиной = than item 2

When Russian uses чем for comparison, the second noun phrase often stays in its normal form rather than changing case because of чем itself.

So:

• плов stays плов
• омлет stays омлет

The words after с change case, but the main dish names do not.

No. Сытнее is about how filling or satisfying the food is, not how good it tastes.

So the sentence means that one dish will keep you fuller, not that it has better flavor.

Useful distinction:

• вкуснее = tastier
• сытнее = more filling

So:

• Плов с говядиной вкуснее... = Pilaf with beef is tastier...
• Плов с говядиной сытнее... = Pilaf with beef is more filling...

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, and changing it usually changes emphasis rather than basic meaning.

The original sentence is neutral and natural:

Плов с говядиной сытнее, чем омлет с ветчиной.

You could also say:

Омлет с ветчиной менее сытный, чем плов с говядиной.

That means the same thing overall, but from the opposite angle:

Omelet with ham is less filling than pilaf with beef.

So the original word order is the most straightforward way to present the comparison, but it is not the only possible one.