Questions & Answers about Когда поезд остановился, я быстро вошёл в вагон.
Когда means when. Here it introduces a subordinate clause: Когда поезд остановился = When the train stopped.
Russian often uses когда exactly like English when in time clauses:
- Когда я пришёл, он уже спал. = When I arrived, he was already asleep.
Because the когда-clause comes first, it is followed by a comma before the main clause.
Russian uses a comma to separate the subordinate clause from the main clause.
So:
- Когда поезд остановился, = subordinate clause
- я быстро вошёл в вагон. = main clause
This is standard Russian punctuation. Even though English also usually uses a comma when when... comes first, in Russian this separation is especially regular and important.