Сегодня я иду домой пешком после работы.

Because идти and ходить are not interchangeable.

• идти → иду is used for movement in one direction, especially when talking about a specific trip happening now or on a particular occasion
• ходить is used for repeated, habitual, or back-and-forth movement

So in Сегодня я иду домой пешком после работы, the speaker means Today I am going home on foot after work on this specific occasion.

Compare:

• Я иду домой. = I am going home / I’m on my way home
• Я хожу домой пешком. = I go home on foot regularly / habitually

Because домой means to home / homeward, while дома means at home.

This is a very common distinction:

• Я иду домой. = I am going home
• Я дома. = I am at home

So after a verb of motion like иду, you need домой, not дома.

Because домой is a fixed adverb-like word meaning homeward or to home. Russian often uses it without a preposition.

So:

• Я иду домой. = I’m going home

not:

• Я иду к дому.

К дому means toward the house/building, not necessarily home in the personal sense. It sounds more physical and location-based, not like the usual English go home.

It is genitive case.

The preposition после always takes the genitive.

• работа = work
• после работы = after work

Other examples:

• после урока = after the lesson
• после фильма = after the film
• после обеда = after lunch

So работы is the genitive singular form of работа.

Пешком is the instrumental form of an old noun/adverbial expression, and in modern Russian it functions as a fixed adverb meaning on foot.

So:

• идти пешком = to go on foot / to walk

Even though English uses walk as a verb, Russian often expresses this idea as:

• идти пешком = go by foot / go on foot

Compare:

• Я иду домой пешком. = I’m walking home
• Я еду домой. = I’m going home by transport

Yes, that is probably the most natural English translation.

Literally, the Russian is closer to:

• Today I am going home on foot after work

But natural English usually says:

• Today I’m walking home after work

So the Russian structure and the English structure are not exactly word-for-word, but the meaning matches well.

Russian word order is flexible, so сегодня is placed first to set the time frame right away: Today...

That said, other word orders are also possible:

• Сегодня я иду домой пешком после работы.
• Я сегодня иду домой пешком после работы.

Both are correct. The difference is mainly one of emphasis and information flow, not basic meaning.

Putting сегодня first often sounds very natural when the speaker wants to contrast today with other days.

In Russian, subject pronouns are often optional because the verb ending already shows the person:

• иду = I go / I’m going

So Иду домой can be a complete sentence.

However, я is often included for clarity, emphasis, contrast, or natural rhythm. In this sentence, я sounds perfectly normal.

Compare:

• Сегодня иду домой пешком. = Today I’m walking home.
• Сегодня я иду домой пешком. = Today I’m walking home.

The second version may feel slightly more explicit or contrastive, but both are fine.

It can depend on context.

In Russian, the present tense of an imperfective verb of motion often corresponds to:

• I am going in English
• sometimes I’m going in a near-future sense, especially with a time word like сегодня

So Сегодня я иду домой пешком после работы most naturally means:

• Today I’m walking home after work
• or Today I’m going home on foot after work

It refers to a planned or expected action happening later today, even though Russian uses present tense.

Because Russian commonly expresses that idea with:

• a verb of motion
  • пешком

So instead of one verb exactly matching English to walk in every case, Russian often says:

• идти пешком = to go on foot
• ходить пешком = to go on foot regularly

There is also the verb гулять, but that usually means to walk around / take a walk / stroll, not simply to walk somewhere as transportation.

So:

• Я иду домой пешком. = I’m walking home
• Я гуляю. = I’m out for a walk / strolling

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, so пешком can move around.

For example:

• Сегодня я иду домой пешком после работы.
• Сегодня я пешком иду домой после работы.
• Сегодня после работы я иду домой пешком.

These versions are all understandable, but the first one is very natural and neutral.

Moving пешком can add emphasis, especially if the speaker wants to stress that they are going on foot, not by car, bus, etc.

Because after после, Russian requires the genitive case.

The basic dictionary form is:

• работа = work

But after после, it changes to:

• работы

So:

• после работы = after work

This is a normal case change, just like changing she to her or who to whom in English, except Russian does it much more systematically.

It is singular genitive.

• nominative singular: работа
• genitive singular: работы

So после работы means after work, not after works.

Even though работы can also be a plural form in other contexts, here the preposition после and the meaning make it clear that it is singular genitive.

Not with exactly the same meaning.

• после работы = after work
• с работы = from work

So:

• Я иду домой после работы. = I’m going home after work.
• Я иду домой с работы. = I’m going home from work.

Both can make sense, but they emphasize slightly different things:

• после работы focuses on the time sequence
• с работы focuses on the starting point

Sometimes both are even possible in similar situations, depending on what you want to emphasize.

Yes.

• Я иду домой пешком после работы.

That would mean something like:

• I’m walking home after work
• or, depending on context, I’m going home on foot after work

Adding сегодня makes it clear that this is specifically true today, perhaps unlike usual.

A few very useful patterns appear here:

1. Specific one-way motion

   • я иду = I am going

2. Going home

   • идти домой = go home

3. Means of movement on foot

   • идти пешком = walk / go on foot

4. After + genitive

   • после работы = after work

So this sentence is a great example of how Russian combines:

• a motion verb
• a destination
• a manner of travel
• and a time phrase

All in one natural sentence.