Word
Я хочу поздравить друга с днём рождения.
Meaning
I want to congratulate my friend on his birthday.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Lesson
Questions & Answers about Я хочу поздравить друга с днём рождения.
What case is the word друга, and why isn’t it друг?
друга is Accusative singular of друг (animate masculine). The verb поздравить takes a direct object (“congratulate whom?” → Accusative). For animate masculine nouns, Accusative = Genitive form, hence друга.
What cases are used in с днём рождения?
- днём is Instrumental singular of день, required by the preposition с in this meaning.
- рождения is Genitive singular of рождение inside the noun phrase день рождения (“day of birth”). When the head (день) goes to Instrumental (днём), the dependent (рождения) stays Genitive: днём рождения.
Why use с here—does it mean “with”?
With поздравить/поздравлять, the fixed pattern is поздравить кого с чем = “congratulate someone on something.” Here с marks the occasion, not accompaniment.
Why is it днём with ё? Can I write с днем рождения?