Ученик вылепил чашку из глины.

Ученик means pupil, school student, or learner. It usually refers to someone in school or someone learning under a teacher.

A native English speaker often sees student first, but in Russian there is a useful distinction:

• ученик = school pupil / learner
• студент = university or college student

So if this is a schoolboy making something in class, ученик is the natural word.

Вылепил is the past tense, masculine singular form of вылепить.

Russian past tense agrees with the subject in gender and number:

• он вылепил = he sculpted / molded
• она вылепила = she sculpted / molded
• они вылепили = they sculpted / molded

Since ученик is a masculine singular noun, the verb appears as вылепил.

This is about aspect, which is very important in Russian.

• лепить = imperfective
  Focuses on the process, repeated action, or ongoing activity.
• вылепить = perfective
  Focuses on completing the object/result.

So:

• Ученик лепил чашку = The student was making / was sculpting a cup.
• Ученик вылепил чашку = The student made/sculpted a cup successfully; the cup was completed.

In this sentence, the perfective verb shows a finished result.

Because it is the direct object of the verb, so it is in the accusative case.

The basic form is:

• чашка = cup

But feminine nouns ending in -а usually change to -у in the singular accusative:

• чашка → чашку
• книга → книгу
• машина → машину

So вылепил чашку means made/sculpted a cup.

Because the preposition из requires the genitive case.

The dictionary form is:

• глина = clay

After из, it becomes:

• из глины = from / out of clay

This is a very common pattern:

• из дерева = out of wood
• из бумаги = out of paper
• из металла = out of metal

So из глины is grammatically required after из.

Here it means made out of clay or from clay as a material.

The preposition из often means from or out of. In this sentence, it tells you the material the cup was formed from.

So the phrase answers the question:

• What was the cup made from?
• Из глины = from clay / out of clay

Sometimes Russian can express material in different ways, but for this sentence из + genitive is the most natural and standard choice.

Compare:

• чашка из глины = a cup made of clay
• лепить из глины = to sculpt/model out of clay

You may also see the instrumental case in other constructions, but it usually gives a different structure or nuance. For a learner, the safest rule here is:

• из + genitive is the normal way to say made from / out of a material.

Russian has no articles like English a/an and the.

So чашку can mean:

• a cup
• the cup

The exact meaning depends on context.

In an isolated sentence like this, English often uses a cup, but Russian itself does not mark that distinction with an article.

Yes. Russian word order is more flexible than English because the cases show the grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Ученик вылепил чашку из глины.

But other orders are possible, for example:

• Чашку из глины вылепил ученик.
• Из глины ученик вылепил чашку.

These versions change the focus or emphasis, not the basic meaning.

Very roughly:

• starting with ученик emphasizes the doer
• starting with чашку emphasizes the thing made
• starting with из глины emphasizes the material

The stress is:

• учени́к
• вы́лепил
• ча́шку
• из
• гли́ны

So the full sentence is pronounced approximately as:

uche-NEEK VY-le-pil CHASH-koo iz GLEE-ny

A few useful sound notes:

• ч sounds like ch in church
• ш sounds like sh in ship
• ы in глины is a vowel English does not have exactly; it is not the same as ee

Not exactly.

• сделал = made/did, very general
• вылепил = specifically formed by sculpting/modeling, especially from a soft material like clay, dough, snow, wax, etc.

So вылепил is more vivid and precise. It tells you how the cup was made, not just that it was made.

Yes, слепил is also possible in many contexts and often means molded/sculpted something from a soft material.

However, вылепил often highlights the idea of carefully shaping a finished form, while слепил can be a bit broader in everyday use.

In many simple learning contexts, both could describe making a clay object. But since the sentence uses вылепил, that is the form you should learn from this example.

A helpful breakdown is:

• Ученик — subject, nominative case
  the person doing the action
• вылепил — verb, past tense, masculine singular, perfective
• чашку — direct object, accusative case
  the thing that was made
• из глины — prepositional phrase with из + genitive
  tells the material

So the structure is basically:

[Subject] + [completed action] + [object] + [material]