Пора попрощаться с гостями.

Пора is an impersonal word meaning it’s time or the time has come.

So Пора попрощаться с гостями literally means something like:

• It’s time to say goodbye to the guests
• It’s time to say farewell to the guests

Russian often uses пора + infinitive to express that something should be done now.

Examples:

• Пора идти. — It’s time to go.
• Пора спать. — It’s time to sleep.
• Пора работать. — It’s time to work.

There is no subject like it in Russian here; the sentence is naturally impersonal.

Because пора is normally followed by an infinitive.

The pattern is:

• пора + infinitive

So:

• Пора уходить. — It’s time to leave.
• Пора начинать. — It’s time to begin.
• Пора попрощаться с гостями. — It’s time to say goodbye to the guests.

The infinitive is used because the sentence is not saying who is doing the action directly. It just states that the action should now happen.

This is about aspect.

• прощаться = imperfective
• попрощаться = perfective

In this sentence, the speaker means a single completed action: saying goodbye once, as a finished event. That is why попрощаться is used.

Compare:

• Пора прощаться. — It’s time to be saying goodbye / time to start saying goodbye / time to take leave.
• Пора попрощаться. — It’s time to say goodbye (and complete that action).

In many contexts, both can appear, but попрощаться often sounds more like do it now, bring the goodbye to completion.

A useful way to think about it:

• прощаться focuses on the process or general act of saying goodbye
• попрощаться focuses on one completed instance of saying goodbye

Examples:

• Мы долго прощались. — We were saying goodbye for a long time.
• Мы попрощались и ушли. — We said goodbye and left.

In your sentence, the idea is not about an ongoing process but about the moment when it is appropriate to perform that action. So the perfective verb fits well.

Because the verb прощаться / попрощаться uses the preposition с with the instrumental case.

The basic pattern is:

• прощаться с кем? — to say goodbye to whom?
• прощаться с чем? — to say goodbye to what?

So:

• с другом — with/to a friend
• с друзьями — with/to friends
• с гостями — with/to guests

The noun гости is plural nominative. After с in this meaning, it must change to instrumental plural:

• nominative plural: гости
• instrumental plural: гостями

Even though English says say goodbye to the guests, Russian uses a structure that is literally closer to say goodbye with the guests.

Not really. The preposition с often means with, but in some verb patterns it is just the preposition required by the verb.

With прощаться / попрощаться, с is the normal preposition used for the person or thing you are parting from:

• попрощаться с мамой — say goodbye to mom
• попрощаться с коллегами — say goodbye to colleagues
• попрощаться с летом — say goodbye to summer

So in translation, you usually render it as to, not with, even though the Russian form is с + instrumental.

Yes, but that is normal in Russian.

Пора попрощаться с гостями is an impersonal sentence. It does not need a stated subject. English needs it in it’s time, but Russian does not.

Depending on context, the understood meaning could be:

• It’s time for us to say goodbye to the guests
• It’s time to say goodbye to the guests
• Time to say goodbye to the guests

Russian often leaves the doer unspoken when it is obvious or not important.

Normally, no. The most natural reading is that someone present should say goodbye to the guests.

Because of с гостями, the guests are the people being parted from. So the implied subject is someone else, such as:

• the host
• the family
• the speaker and listener
• everyone except the guests

If you wanted to say It’s time for the guests to say goodbye, Russian would usually express that differently, for example by naming the guests as the ones who need to act.

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, although the neutral order here is very natural:

• Пора попрощаться с гостями.

Other orders are possible for emphasis:

• С гостями пора попрощаться. — As for the guests, it’s time to say goodbye to them.
• Попрощаться с гостями пора. — More marked, often literary or emphatic.

The standard, neutral version is the one you were given.

Yes, you could.

• Пора попрощаться с гостями. — It’s time to say goodbye to the guests.
• Надо попрощаться с гостями. — We need to say goodbye to the guests.

The difference is subtle but important:

• пора emphasizes timing: the right moment has come
• надо emphasizes necessity/obligation: this needs to be done

So if people have stayed late and now it is the appropriate moment to end the visit, пора is especially natural.

The stress is:

• пора́
• попроща́ться
• с гостя́ми

A rough pronunciation guide:

• пора́ ≈ pa-RA
• попроща́ться ≈ pa-pra-SHCHAT-sya
• с гостя́ми ≈ z gas-TYA-mi or s gas-TYA-mi, depending on the sound that follows

A few notes:

• The с before a voiced consonant like г is often pronounced closer to з in connected speech.
• ться at the end of попрощаться sounds like -цца in standard pronunciation.

Russian has no articles like a or the.

So гостями by itself can mean:

• guests
• the guests
• sometimes even some guests

You understand the exact meaning from context.

In this sentence, the most natural English translation is usually the guests, because the speaker probably has specific guests in mind — the people currently visiting.

It depends on context and tone.

By itself, Пора попрощаться с гостями is neutral. It can simply mean that the visit is ending and someone should go say goodbye.

But if said directly in front of the guests, it may sound a bit pointed, like Well, time to wrap this up. In a softer or more polite situation, Russian speakers might choose wording that sounds less abrupt, depending on whom they are speaking to.

So the sentence is grammatically neutral, but its social tone depends heavily on who says it, to whom, and when.