Breakdown of Объектив и фокус кинокамеры проверены.
Questions & Answers about Объектив и фокус кинокамеры проверены.
Why is проверены plural?
Because the subject is actually two things joined by и:
- объектив = the lens / objective
- фокус кинокамеры = the focus of the movie camera
Together they make a plural subject, so the predicate must also be plural.
That is why Russian uses:
- singular masculine: проверен
- plural: проверены
So Объектив и фокус кинокамеры проверены literally means The lens and the camera’s focus are / have been checked.
Why is there no separate word for are or have been?
In Russian, the verb to be is usually omitted in the present tense.
So where English says:
- The lens and focus are checked
- The lens and focus have been checked
Russian can simply say:
- Объектив и фокус кинокамеры проверены
The idea of are / have been is understood from the form проверены and from context.
What kind of word is проверены?
Проверены is the short-form passive participle of проверить.
That sounds technical, but the important idea is simple: it means something like checked, verified, or inspected, with the sense that someone has done that action to the objects.
Compare:
- проверить = to check
- проверен = checked, for one masculine item
- проверена = checked, for one feminine item
- проверено = checked, for one neuter item
- проверены = checked, for plural items
Here it is plural because there are two things being talked about.
Why is кинокамеры written with -ы? Is it plural?
No, here кинокамеры is most likely genitive singular, not plural.
The base word is:
- кинокамера = movie camera / film camera
After another noun, Russian often uses the genitive to show a relationship like of the camera.
So:
- фокус кинокамеры = the focus of the movie camera
Even though кинокамеры can also look like nominative plural in other contexts, here the meaning and structure show that it is genitive singular.
Why is кинокамеры attached only to фокус, and not to объектив too?
Because the phrase is structured as:
- Объектив
- и фокус кинокамеры
So grammatically, кинокамеры directly modifies фокус.
This means the sentence most literally reads:
- The lens and the movie camera’s focus have been checked
It does not automatically mean:
- the movie camera’s lens and focus
Even though in real-world context that may be what the speaker intends, the grammar most directly links кинокамеры to фокус.
If someone wanted to make it clearer that both belong to the camera, they might rephrase the sentence.
What case are объектив and фокус in?
They are in the nominative case, because they are the subject of the sentence.
You can think of them as the things that are checked.
So the structure is:
- Объектив — nominative singular
- фокус — nominative singular
- joined by и = together a plural subject
- проверены — plural to match that subject
Is this a complete sentence, even though there is no obvious verb like to check?
Yes, it is a complete sentence.
In Russian, short-form passive participles like проверены can function as the main predicate of a sentence.
So this is a normal complete statement, not a fragment.
A very literal breakdown would be:
- Объектив и фокус кинокамеры = the lens and the camera’s focus
- проверены = checked / have been checked
Can the word order be changed?
Yes, Russian word order is fairly flexible.
This sentence could be rearranged for emphasis, for example:
- Объектив и фокус кинокамеры проверены.
- Проверены объектив и фокус кинокамеры.
Both are grammatical.
The original order is neutral and straightforward. Putting проверены first can sound a bit more like emphasizing the result: Checked are the lens and the camera’s focus.
Why is it объектив, not some other word for lens?
Объектив is the standard Russian word for a camera lens or objective lens.
It is the normal technical word you would expect in photography or cinematography.
A learner might also know:
- линза = lens in a more general sense, like a physical lens or eyeglass lens
But for a camera lens, объектив is the usual word.
What gender are these nouns, and does that matter here?
Yes, it matters for agreement.
- объектив is masculine
- фокус is masculine
- кинокамера is feminine
If each noun appeared alone with проверен / проверена, the form would change:
- Объектив проверен.
- Кинокамера проверена.
- Фокус проверен.
But because объектив and фокус are combined with и, the result is plural:
- Объектив и фокус проверены.
Does проверены mean checked, verified, or inspected?
It can mean any of those depending on context.
The basic idea is that they were examined to make sure everything is correct or functioning properly.
Possible English translations include:
- checked
- verified
- inspected
In a technical or equipment-related context, checked is often the most natural translation.
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