Не стоит судить человека по одной ошибке.

No. In this sentence, не стоит + infinitive is a fixed expression meaning:

• it’s not worth ...
• one shouldn’t ...
• it’s better not to ...

So Не стоит судить... means One shouldn’t judge... or It’s not a good idea to judge...

It does come historically from the verb стоить (to cost / to be worth), but in modern usage this pattern is very common and idiomatic.

Examples:

• Не стоит спорить. — It’s not worth arguing.
• Не стоит переживать. — You shouldn’t worry.

Because it follows не стоит.

The pattern is:

• не стоит + infinitive

So:

• Не стоит судить человека...
• Не стоит говорить так.
• Не стоит ждать.

This is similar to English It’s not worth judging... or You shouldn’t judge...

Because человека is the accusative singular form of человек.

The verb судить takes a direct object:

• судить кого? что? — to judge whom? what?

So:

• судить человека — to judge a person

Since человек is animate and masculine, its accusative singular matches the genitive singular:

• nominative: человек
• accusative: человека

Compare:

• Я вижу человека. — I see a person.
• Не стоит судить человека... — One shouldn’t judge a person...

It is dative case after the preposition по.

Here the pattern is:

• судить по чему-то — to judge by something
• по одной ошибке — by one mistake

Forms:

• одна ошибка — nominative
• по одной ошибке — dative

So the phrase literally means:

• judge a person by one mistake

This use of по is very common when talking about judging, identifying, or concluding based on some sign or piece of evidence.

Examples:

• Я узнал его по голосу. — I recognized him by his voice.
• Нельзя судить по внешности. — You can’t judge by appearance.

Because after по in this meaning, Russian uses the dative, not the accusative.

So:

• nominative: одна ошибка
• accusative: одну ошибку
• dative: одной ошибке

Since the phrase is по одной ошибке, both words change to dative:

• одной
• ошибке

If it were accusative, you would expect a different structure, but that is not what Russian uses here.

Судить often means to judge in the moral or evaluative sense. That makes it very natural here.

So Не стоит судить человека по одной ошибке means:

• You shouldn’t judge a person by one mistake.

Оценивать means to evaluate / assess, which is possible in some contexts, but it sounds more neutral or analytical.

Compare:

• судить человека — to judge a person
• оценивать человека — to evaluate a person

In a sentence about being unfair or morally critical, судить is the more natural choice.

Судить is imperfective and works well here because the sentence is about a general action or principle: judging people.

• судить — to judge
• осудить — to condemn

Осудить is more specific and usually stronger. It means not just to judge, but to condemn or pass negative judgment.

So:

• Не стоит судить человека по одной ошибке.
  One shouldn’t judge a person by one mistake.

• Не стоит осуждать человека за одну ошибку.
  One shouldn’t condemn a person for one mistake.

That second sentence is also natural, but it has a slightly different meaning.

Yes, but the meaning shifts a little.

• судить по одной ошибке = to judge based on one mistake
• судить / осуждать за одну ошибку = to judge / condemn someone for one mistake

So:

1. по одной ошибке focuses on the basis for judgment

   • Don’t judge a person by one mistake.

2. за одну ошибку focuses on the reason / cause for blame

   • Don’t condemn a person for one mistake.

Both can be natural, but по одной ошибке matches the English pattern judge by most closely.

The word order is neutral and natural:

• Не стоит судить человека по одной ошибке.

A rough structure is:

• Не стоит — one shouldn’t
• судить — judge
• человека — a person
• по одной ошибке — by one mistake

Russian word order is flexible, so other versions are possible for emphasis, for example:

• По одной ошибке не стоит судить человека.

This puts more focus on by one mistake.

But the original sentence is the most straightforward, neutral version.

It can be understood as a person / people in general.

Russian has no articles, so человека by itself does not tell you a or the. The meaning depends on context.

In this sentence, it is generic:

• Don’t judge a person by one mistake.
• You shouldn’t judge people by one mistake.

So English usually uses a person or sometimes a more general translation like someone or people.

It sounds like a general life principle or piece of advice. It is natural in both speech and writing.

It is:

• not slangy
• not overly formal
• somewhat proverb-like in tone

That is because Не стоит + infinitive often sounds like calm advice:

• Не стоит торопиться. — You shouldn’t rush.
• Не стоит делать выводы слишком рано. — You shouldn’t draw conclusions too early.

So this sentence would fit well in conversation, an essay, a book, or advice.