Aspiratorul este sub pat, lângă cutia mare.

Because Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun, instead of using a separate word like English the.

So:

• aspirator = vacuum cleaner
• aspiratorul = the vacuum cleaner

For many masculine and neuter singular nouns, the definite ending is -ul.

• aspirator is neuter
• pat is neuter
• cutie is feminine

Romanian neuter nouns behave like masculine in the singular and feminine in the plural. That is why you get:

• aspiratorul in the singular
• but plural aspiratoare

This is a very common Romanian pattern for objects and inanimate things.

Because cutia is the definite form: the box.

So:

• cutie = a box / box
• cutia = the box

With feminine nouns ending in -ie, the definite singular often becomes -ia:

• cutie → cutia
• pălărie → pălăria

So cutia mare means the big box.

This is a very common thing learners notice. In Romanian, after some prepositions, especially in everyday expressions of place, the noun often appears without the definite article.

So sub pat is the natural way to say under the bed or under a bed, depending on context.

English often uses the here, but Romanian does not always need it.

Compare:

• sub pat = under the bed / under a bed
• în casă = in the house / at home
• la masă = at the table

You can say sub patul... when the bed is made more specifically identifiable, for example sub patul din dormitor = under the bed in the bedroom.

Because the normal Romanian order is usually:

noun + adjective

So:

• cutia mare = the big box
• casa albă = the white house
• mașina nouă = the new car

Romanian can also put the adjective before the noun, but that usually adds emphasis, style, or a more literary tone.

Yes, mare does agree with cutia. The reason it may not look very different is that mare has the same form for masculine and feminine singular.

So:

• un pat mare = a big bed
• o cutie mare = a big box

In the plural, it changes:

• paturi mari = big beds
• cutii mari = big boxes

So the agreement is there, but with mare, the singular form happens to stay the same.

Este means is. It is the 3rd person singular of a fi = to be.

So:

• Aspiratorul este sub pat = The vacuum cleaner is under the bed

In everyday speech, Romanians very often shorten este to e:

• Aspiratorul e sub pat

Both are correct. Este sounds a bit fuller or more careful; e is very common in conversation.

Both sub and lângă normally take the accusative.

In this sentence:

• sub pat
• lângă cutia mare

For these nouns, the accusative form looks the same as the nominative, so you do not see a dramatic change. That is normal in Romanian. Case is often visible more clearly with articles, pronouns, or certain feminine nouns.

lângă is pronounced roughly LUHN-guh, but that is only an approximation.

The two special vowels are important:

• â = a sound with no exact English equivalent; it is a close central vowel
• ă = the schwa sound, like the a in sofa

So in lângă:

• the first vowel â is the harder one for English speakers
• the last vowel ă is the easier one

The stress is on the first syllable: LÂN-gă.

The comma is possible, but it is not always strictly necessary.

With the comma, the sentence feels like:

• first location: sub pat
• then an added detail: lângă cutia mare

Without the comma:

• Aspiratorul este sub pat lângă cutia mare

it can still sound natural, especially in everyday writing.

So the comma mainly helps mark a pause or separate the location information a bit more clearly.