Ședința este publică.

Because Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun, not before it as English does.

• ședință = meeting / session (indefinite: a meeting, a session)
• ședința = the meeting / the session

So the -a here is the feminine singular definite article attached to the noun.

The base form is ședință.

That is the dictionary form you would normally look up. In this sentence, it becomes ședința because it means the meeting / the session, not just a meeting.

Yes, ședință is a feminine noun.

A few clues help:

• its dictionary form ends in -ă, which is very often feminine in Romanian
• the definite form is ședința, with the feminine singular definite ending
• the adjective is publică, also feminine singular, so it agrees with ședința

So the sentence shows feminine agreement clearly.

Because adjectives in Romanian must agree with the noun they describe in gender and number.

Since ședința is feminine singular, the adjective must also be feminine singular:

• masculine singular: public
• feminine singular: publică
• masculine plural: publici
• feminine plural: publice

So Ședința este publică uses the correct feminine singular form.

Este means is. It is the 3rd person singular form of the verb a fi (to be).

So:

• ședința = the meeting
• este = is
• publică = public

This is a very standard Romanian sentence pattern: subject + este + adjective.

Yes. That is very common.

• este is the full form
• e is a shorter, very common spoken form

So both are correct:

• Ședința este publică = a bit more neutral or formal
• Ședința e publică = very natural in everyday speech

A learner-friendly approximation is:

sheh-DEEN-tsa ES-teh POO-blee-kuh

A few important sounds:

• ș = sh as in shoe
• ț = ts as in cats
• ă = a short central vowel, something like the a in sofa
• ce / ci are not in this sentence, so no special issue there

Word by word:

• Ședința ≈ sheh-DEEN-tsa
• este ≈ ES-teh
• publică ≈ POO-blee-kuh

Yes, very important.

Romanian diacritics change pronunciation and sometimes distinguish different words. In this sentence:

• Ș is not the same as S
• ț is not the same as t
• ă is not the same as a

So you should write:

• Ședința
• publică

not plain Sedinta or publica in careful standard writing.

The normal, neutral order is:

Ședința este publică.

Romanian word order is somewhat flexible, but this version is the most natural in ordinary usage. Changing the order could sound marked, literary, or contrastive.

For example, Publică este ședința is grammatically possible, but not the usual everyday way to say it.

Not always. Ședință can mean several related things depending on context, such as:

• meeting
• session
• hearing
• sitting (in institutional or legal contexts)

So in some situations, Ședința este publică could mean:

• The meeting is public
• The session is public
• The hearing is public

The exact English translation depends on context.

Because Romanian usually uses a postposed definite article: the article is attached to the end of the noun.

Compare:

• English: the meeting
• Romanian: ședința

This is one of the big structural differences between Romanian and English, and it is very common in Romanian.

Sometimes yes, depending on context.

Literally, publică means public, but in real usage Ședința este publică often implies that the meeting, session, or hearing is open to the public.

So if you are reading a notice, legal text, or institutional statement, that may be the most natural English interpretation.

The plural would be:

Ședințele sunt publice.
= The meetings / sessions are public.

Here you can see both noun and adjective change:

• ședința → ședințele (the meeting → the meetings)
• este → sunt (is → are)
• publică → publice (public, feminine singular → feminine plural)