Suprasarcina poate opri generatorul.

They are:

• suprasarcină = overload
• a putea = to be able to, can
• a opri = to stop
• generator = generator

In the sentence, these appear as:

• suprasarcina = the overload
• poate = can / may, 3rd person singular present of a putea
• opri = stop, the infinitive form used after poate
• generatorul = the generator

Because suprasarcina is the definite form.

Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like English the.

• suprasarcină = overload
• suprasarcina = the overload

So the sentence is talking about the overload, not just an overload in general.

For the same reason: generatorul is the definite form.

• generator = generator
• generatorul = the generator

The ending -ul is the Romanian definite article for many masculine/neuter singular nouns.

So both nouns in the sentence are definite:

• suprasarcina = the overload
• generatorul = the generator

Because the form of the attached definite article depends on the noun’s gender and shape.

Here:

• suprasarcină is a feminine noun, so its definite singular form is suprasarcina
• generator is a masculine/neuter-type singular noun, so its definite singular form is generatorul

This is very normal in Romanian. English uses one separate word, the, but Romanian changes the noun ending instead.

Poate usually means can, is able to, or sometimes may depending on context.

So this sentence can mean something like:

• The overload can stop the generator
• The overload may stop the generator

In a technical or warning-style sentence, English often uses can or may. The exact nuance depends on context:

• ability/capacity: it is capable of stopping it
• possibility/risk: it might stop it

Because after poate, Romanian can use the infinitive:

• poate opri = can stop

By contrast:

• oprește = stops / is stopping

So:

• Suprasarcina poate opri generatorul = The overload can stop the generator
• Suprasarcina oprește generatorul = The overload stops / is stopping the generator

Those are different structures.

In dictionary form, the verb is a opri, where a is the infinitive marker.

But after poate, Romanian normally uses just the bare infinitive form:

• a opri = to stop
• poate opri = can stop

So even though English has to stop, Romanian does not keep a in this sentence.

Because pe is not normally used with an inanimate direct object like generatorul.

Romanian often uses pe with direct objects that are:

• people
• animate beings
• highly specific/marked objects in certain contexts

But with a normal inanimate noun such as generatorul, you simply say:

• opri generatorul

not

• opri pe generatorul

Mainly from word order and meaning.

The sentence follows the common Romanian pattern:

• Suprasarcina = subject
• poate opri = verb phrase
• generatorul = direct object

So it is a straightforward subject–verb–object sentence.

Also, Romanian often uses the same noun form for both subject and direct object, so the role is not always shown by a special ending. In sentences like this, word order and context do a lot of the work.

Yes. That is also correct and natural.

You will see both patterns:

• poate opri
• poate să oprească

They mean essentially the same thing here:

• Suprasarcina poate opri generatorul
• Suprasarcina poate să oprească generatorul

The first is a bit more compact. The second uses să + subjunctive, which is also very common in Romanian.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• suprasarcina ≈ soo-pra-sar-CHEE-na
• poate ≈ PWA-te
• opri ≈ oh-PREE
• generatorul ≈ je-ne-ra-TO-rul

So the whole sentence is roughly:

soo-pra-sar-CHEE-na PWA-te oh-PREE je-ne-ra-TO-rul

A few useful sound notes:

• c before i sounds like ch, so -cina sounds like CHEE-na
• g before e sounds like English j, so generatorul begins with a j sound
• Romanian r is usually tapped or lightly rolled
• The stress in generatorul falls on TO: ge-ne-ra-TO-rul