Generatorul este afară.

Because Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun, not before it.

• generator = generator
• generatorul = the generator

So -ul is the masculine/neuter singular definite article here.

Afară is an adverb, and in this sentence it means outside or outdoors.

After the verb a fi = to be, Romanian often uses adverbs of place like this:

• Este aici = It is here
• Este acolo = It is there
• Este afară = It is outside

So afară is not a noun here, and it does not need an article.

Because for simple location, Romanian normally uses afară by itself.

• Este afară = It is outside

The expression în afară often appears in other meanings, especially in phrases like:

• în afară de = except for / besides

So if you want to say that something is physically outside, afară is the natural choice.

Yes. E and este both mean is.

• Generatorul este afară = a bit more full/neutral, often seen in writing
• Generatorul e afară = very common in everyday speech

Both are correct.

Because Romanian does not usually use a separate word like English the. Instead, the definite article is attached to the noun itself.

Compare:

• English: the generator
• Romanian: generatorul

This is one of the biggest structural differences between English and Romanian.

You would use un generator.

• Un generator este afară = A generator is outside
• Generatorul este afară = The generator is outside

So:

• un = a
• -ul attached to the noun = the

It is a neuter noun.

In Romanian, neuter nouns behave:

• like masculine in the singular
• like feminine in the plural

That is why in the singular you get:

• un generator
• generatorul

This looks like a masculine pattern, even though the noun is classified as neuter.

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation guide would be:

je-ne-ra-TOR-ul ES-te a-FA-rə

A few useful notes:

• g before e in generatorul sounds like the j in job
• ă in afară is the Romanian schwa sound, similar to the a in English sofa
• The stress is roughly on -tor- in generatorul and on fa in afară

Yes, but the basic neutral order here is:

• Generatorul este afară

Romanian allows some flexibility, but changing the order usually changes the emphasis.

For example:

• Afară este generatorul sounds marked and would emphasize outside

For a normal statement, the original order is the most natural.

For a negative sentence, add nu before the verb:

• Generatorul nu este afară = The generator is not outside

For a yes/no question, Romanian often keeps the same word order and uses intonation:

• Generatorul este afară? = Is the generator outside?

In everyday speech, you may also hear:

• Generatorul nu e afară
• Generatorul e afară?