Cu eticheta de bagaj, pasagerul identifică valiza.

The ending -ul is the Romanian definite article attached to the noun.

• pasager = passenger
• pasagerul = the passenger

Unlike English, Romanian usually puts the at the end of the noun instead of before it.

So:

• pasager = a passenger / passenger
• pasagerul = the passenger

For the same reason: -a here is the definite article for a feminine singular noun.

• valiză = suitcase
• valiza = the suitcase

So the sentence uses a specific suitcase: the suitcase.

eticheta means the tag / the label, while etichetă means a tag / a label.

Here:

• etichetă de bagaj = a baggage tag
• eticheta de bagaj = the baggage tag

Romanian often uses the definite form when referring to a specific object already understood from the situation.

cu usually means with.

In this sentence, it shows the means or instrument used to do something:

• Cu eticheta de bagaj = With the baggage tag
• more naturally in English: Using the baggage tag

So the idea is that the passenger identifies the suitcase by means of the baggage tag.

de bagaj means of baggage / for baggage, and it helps specify what kind of tag it is.

So:

• etichetă = tag / label
• etichetă de bagaj = baggage tag / luggage tag

This de + noun pattern is very common in Romanian for noun combinations:

• sală de clasă = classroom
• perie de păr = hairbrush
• bilet de tren = train ticket

It often corresponds to an English noun+noun combination.

identifică is the 3rd person singular present form of the verb a identifica = to identify.

So:

• eu identific = I identify
• tu identifici = you identify
• el/ea identifică = he/she identifies

Since the subject is pasagerul = the passenger (singular), the verb must be identifică.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Romanian present tense often covers both:

• he identifies
• he is identifying

So pasagerul identifică valiza could mean:

• the passenger identifies the suitcase
• the passenger is identifying the suitcase

English chooses between simple and continuous more often than Romanian does.

Because Romanian usually attaches the definite article to the end of the noun.

Examples from the sentence:

• pasagerul = the passenger
• eticheta = the tag
• valiza = the suitcase

So Romanian expresses the as a suffix rather than a separate word.

Yes, Romanian word order is fairly flexible, although some orders sound more neutral than others.

The given sentence:

• Cu eticheta de bagaj, pasagerul identifică valiza.

This structure emphasizes the means first: With the baggage tag...

A more neutral order could be:

• Pasagerul identifică valiza cu eticheta de bagaj.

That usually means the same thing, though context matters. Romanian can move parts of the sentence around for focus or style more easily than English.

Yes:

• Pasagerul identifică valiza cu eticheta de bagaj.

This is perfectly natural Romanian. It may sound more straightforward than starting with Cu eticheta de bagaj.

Beginning the sentence with Cu eticheta de bagaj gives that phrase a little more emphasis.

Romanian often uses pe before a direct object when that object is a person, a specific animate being, or something strongly individualized.

Examples:

• Văd fata. = I see the girl.
• Îl văd pe profesor. = I see the teacher.

But with an inanimate object like valiza = the suitcase, pe is normally not used.

So:

• identifică valiza = correct

Traditionally, cu takes the accusative.

In practice, for regular nouns like the ones here, the form usually looks the same as the nominative:

• eticheta can serve as nominative or accusative form depending on the sentence

So learners usually do not need to change the noun after cu in a visible way here. The main thing to remember is simply:

• cu + noun = with + noun

The letter ă is a very common Romanian vowel. It sounds like a short, neutral vowel, similar to the a in English sofa for many speakers.

So identifică ends with that sound:

• i-den-ti-fi-că

It is not the same as a in father.

bagaj is pronounced roughly ba-gazh.

A few useful points:

• the j in Romanian sounds like the s in measure or the g in genre
• so bagaj is approximately bah-GAZH

This is the normal Romanian word for luggage / baggage.

Yes, valiză is a normal and common word for suitcase.

You may also see:

• bagaj = luggage / baggage
• geamantan = suitcase, often a larger or more traditional kind of suitcase

But valiză is a very standard everyday word.

A helpful breakdown is:

• Cu eticheta de bagaj = prepositional phrase, showing the means: with the baggage tag
• pasagerul = subject: the passenger
• identifică = verb: identifies
• valiza = direct object: the suitcase

So the core sentence is:

• pasagerul identifică valiza = the passenger identifies the suitcase

and cu eticheta de bagaj adds how that happens.