Lupta este dificilă.

Because in Romanian, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word like English the.

• luptă = a fight / a struggle
• lupta = the fight / the struggle

So the -a at the end is the feminine singular definite article.

The base, dictionary form is luptă.

• luptă = fight / struggle (indefinite)
• lupta = the fight / the struggle (definite)

This is a very common Romanian pattern:

• casă = house
• casa = the house

Because dificilă has to agree with lupta, which is a feminine singular noun.

Romanian adjectives usually agree in gender and number with the noun they describe.

Here are the relevant forms:

• masculine singular: dificil
• feminine singular: dificilă

Since lupta is feminine singular, the correct form is dificilă.

You usually learn the gender of Romanian nouns as part of the vocabulary item. In this case, luptă is a feminine noun.

One clue is the definite form:

• feminine singular nouns often take -a as the definite article
• luptă → lupta

That said, gender is not always perfectly predictable from spelling alone, so it is best to memorize nouns with their gender.

Este means is. It is the 3rd person singular form of the verb a fi (to be).

So:

• Lupta = the fight / the struggle
• este = is
• dificilă = difficult

Romanian normally uses este in this kind of sentence, just like English uses is.

Yes. E is a very common shorter form of este in everyday Romanian.

So both are correct:

• Lupta este dificilă.
• Lupta e dificilă.

The full form este may sound slightly more formal or careful, while e is extremely common in normal speech.

Yes, you could, but it sounds more marked or emphatic.

The neutral, most natural order is:

• Lupta este dificilă.

If you say:

• Dificilă este lupta.

you are emphasizing dificilă, almost like It is difficult, the struggle or The struggle is what is difficult. This is less neutral and more stylistic.

A rough English-friendly guide would be:

• Lupta ≈ LOOP-tah
• este ≈ YES-teh
• dificilă ≈ dee-fee-CHEE-luh

A few notes:

• u is like oo in food
• e is usually like e in bed or eh
• ci before another vowel often sounds like chee
• ă is a short central vowel, something like a very relaxed uh

The stress is usually:

• LUP-ta
• ES-te
• di-fi-CI-lă

The Romanian letter ă is a very common vowel. It sounds like a short, neutral uh.

Examples in this sentence:

• luptă
• dificilă

It is not exactly the same as any single English vowel, but uh is a good approximation.

This letter is important because it changes the word:

• a and ă are different vowels in Romanian

It can mean both, depending on context.

luptă / lupta can refer to:

• a literal fight or battle
• a struggle, effort, or conflict in a broader sense

So Lupta este dificilă could mean:

• The fight is difficult
• The struggle is difficult

The exact meaning depends on the context you already have.

Yes. Este is present tense, so the sentence means is difficult, not was difficult or will be difficult.

• Lupta este dificilă. = The struggle is difficult.

If you changed the tense, the form of a fi would change.

It is in the nominative case, because it is the subject of the sentence.

In Lupta este dificilă:

• lupta = subject
• este dificilă = predicate

Romanian does have case, but in a simple sentence like this, you can think of lupta as the normal subject form.

It is an adjective, because it describes the noun lupta.

• lupta = noun
• dificilă = adjective describing that noun

It agrees with the noun in gender and number, which adverbs do not do.

Normally, no. In standard Romanian, you usually keep the verb to be in sentences like this.

So:

• Lupta este dificilă. = correct
• Lupta dificilă. = not a normal complete sentence in standard Romanian

Romanian is different from some languages that can omit is in the present tense.

Yes. They are closely related.

• a lupta = to fight
• luptă = fight / struggle

This is useful for vocabulary building:

• Lupt = I fight
• luptă = fight / struggle

So if you know one, the other is easier to remember.