Premiera teatrului de amatori primește aplauze.

Because the ending -a here is the definite article attached to the noun.

In Romanian, the definite article is usually added to the end of the noun, not written as a separate word like English the.

• premieră = a premiere
• premiera = the premiere

So Premiera teatrului de amatori means the premiere of the amateur theater / amateur theater group.

Teatrului is the form used for of the theater.

Here, teatrului is in the genitive case, because it shows possession or association:

• teatrul = the theater
• teatrului = of the theater / the theater's

So:

• premiera teatrului = the theater's premiere or the premiere of the theater

This is a very common Romanian pattern: one noun followed by another noun in the genitive.

De amatori literally means of amateurs.

In natural English, you would usually turn that into amateur:

• teatru de amatori = amateur theater

Romanian often uses de + noun where English prefers an adjective.

So the structure is:

• teatrului de amatori = of the amateur theater

Depending on context, it could mean:

• an amateur theater company
• amateur theater as an institution
• a theater for amateurs

But the basic idea is amateur theater.

Because amatori is plural: amateurs.

Romanian often expresses this idea as de + plural noun:

• teatru de amatori = amateur theater
• literally: theater of amateurs

Using de amator would sound different and is not the normal expression here.

Primește is the 3rd person singular present tense of the verb a primi (to receive).

So:

• eu primesc = I receive
• tu primești = you receive
• el/ea primește = he/she/it receives

In this sentence, the subject is Premiera teatrului de amatori, which is singular, so the verb is also singular:

• Premiera ... primește = The premiere ... receives

Because aplauze here is indefinite plural: applause / some applause / applause from the audience.

Compare:

• aplauze = applause / applauses in an indefinite sense
• aplauzele = the applause

Romanian often leaves the object indefinite in places where English also does not necessarily use the.

So:

• primește aplauze = receives applause
• primește aplauzele = receives the applause

The first version sounds more natural in this sentence.

Because Romanian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun.

So instead of a separate word like English the, Romanian changes the noun itself:

• teatru = a theater
• teatrul = the theater
• teatrului = of the theater

That means teatrului already contains the idea of the.

It follows a normal subject + verb + object pattern:

• Premiera teatrului de amatori = subject
• primește = verb
• aplauze = direct object

More literally:

• The premiere of the amateur theater
  • receives
    • applause

So even though some individual forms may look unfamiliar, the overall sentence order is quite straightforward for an English speaker.

Yes, Romanian word order is somewhat flexible, but this version is the most neutral.

The standard order here is:

• Premiera teatrului de amatori primește aplauze.

You might also see changes for emphasis, but the given sentence is the normal, unmarked way to say it.

For a learner, this is the best order to remember first.

The main special letters here are ă and ș.

• ă in primește is a short central vowel, somewhat like the a in sofa, but shorter and less stressed.
• ș in primește is pronounced like English sh.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• Premiera ≈ pre-mee-EH-ra
• teatrului ≈ teh-AH-troo-looy
• de amatori ≈ de ah-mah-TOR-ee
• primește ≈ pree-MEH-shteh
• aplauze ≈ ah-PLAU-zeh

This is only approximate, but it helps with the main sounds.

Yes. A primi aplauze is a very normal collocation and means to receive applause.

Other similar expressions are:

• a primi ajutor = to receive help
• a primi sprijin = to receive support
• a primi critici = to receive criticism

So this sentence sounds natural and idiomatic.

Yes. In English, there are a few natural ways to translate the noun phrase:

• the premiere of the amateur theater
• the amateur theater’s premiere
• the amateur theater premiere

Which one sounds best depends on context. Romanian uses the genitive structure premiera teatrului de amatori, while English can express the same idea in several ways.

Because aplauze is a non-person direct object, and Romanian normally does not use pe in that case.

The marker pe is commonly used with specific human direct objects, for example:

• Văd profesorul.
• Îl văd pe profesor. = I see the teacher.

But with things like aplauze, you simply say:

• primește aplauze

So the absence of pe is completely normal.