Stingătorul este sub scaun.

Because Romanian usually puts the definite article on the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like English the.

• stingător = extinguisher
• stingătorul = the extinguisher

So -ul here is the masculine/neuter singular definite article.

Este means is. It is the 3rd person singular present form of a fi = to be.

So the sentence structure is:

• Stingătorul = the extinguisher
• este = is
• sub scaun = under the chair / under a chair, depending on context

Yes. In everyday Romanian, e is a very common short form of este.

So both are correct:

• Stingătorul este sub scaun.
• Stingătorul e sub scaun.

Este sounds a little fuller or more careful; e is more conversational.

Romanian often uses a bare noun after a preposition when giving a simple location, especially in very ordinary expressions like:

• pe masă = on the table
• în casă = in the house / at home
• sub scaun = under the chair / under a chair

So even though English often uses the, Romanian does not always need the definite article here.

If you want to make the chair clearly specific, you can say:

• sub scaunul = under the chair

And if you want to mean under a chair, you can say:

• sub un scaun

All three are possible, but sub scaun is very natural in a simple location statement.

Yes. Sub normally takes the accusative.

In this sentence, though, you do not see a special ending on scaun, because for most Romanian nouns the nominative and accusative forms are identical.

So:

• scaun can be nominative
• scaun can also be accusative

The case is determined by the preposition sub, not by a visible change in the noun here.

Both are neuter nouns.

Romanian neuter nouns behave:

• like masculine in the singular
• like feminine in the plural

So you get:

• un stingător / două stingătoare
• un scaun / două scaune

And in the definite singular:

• stingătorul
• scaunul

This is why the singular definite ending looks like a masculine one.

A rough English-style approximation is steen-guh-TOR-ool.

A few useful points:

• ă is a short central vowel, a bit like the a in about
• the stress falls on -tor-
• ul at the end is pronounced, not silent

So do not read it like English sting. Romanian stin- sounds closer to steen.

A rough approximation is skown.

Important detail:

• sc before a is pronounced sk, not like English sh

So scaun begins with sk-.

The most neutral order here is:

Stingătorul este sub scaun.

That is a normal subject + verb + location pattern.

Romanian word order is fairly flexible, so other orders are possible for emphasis, but they sound less neutral. For example:

• Sub scaun este stingătorul. = more marked, as if emphasizing the location

For a basic statement, the original order is the best one to learn first.

Usually, yes, in everyday context stingător commonly means fire extinguisher.

If someone wants to be more explicit, they can say:

• stingător de incendiu = fire extinguisher

But very often just stingător is enough.