Podes ligar a lanterna, por favor?

Can you turn on the torch, please?

Breakdown of Podes ligar a lanterna, por favor?

• por favor: please
• poder: to be able to
• ligar: to turn on
• a lanterna: the torch

Questions & Answers about Podes ligar a lanterna, por favor?

Why is it "podes" and not "pode"?

Because podes is the second‑person singular form (for tu, the informal “you”) of the verb poder in European Portuguese. Pode is third‑person singular, used with você or titles like o senhor/a senhora, which feel more distant or formal. Informal: Podes ligar a lanterna, por favor? Formal/neutral: Pode ligar a lanterna, por favor? Avoid mixing: say either Tu podes… or Você pode…, not “Você podes.”

What tense/mood is "podes," and is it polite enough?

It’s the present indicative of poder used as a polite request (literally “you can…”). With por favor, it’s perfectly polite in everyday EP. To sound softer/more tentative, EP commonly uses the imperfect: Podias ligar a lanterna? More formal or bookish: Poderias ligar a lanterna?

Can I just use the imperative instead?

Yes. Imperative is more direct:

• Informal (tu): Liga a lanterna, por favor.
• Formal (você): Ligue a lanterna, por favor. Negative forms: Não ligues… (tu), Não ligue… (você).

Does "ligar" here mean “to turn on” or “to call”?

Here it means “to turn on/switch on” a device. Ligar also means “to phone,” but then you’ll see it with a person (often with para: ligar para a Maria) or an indirect object pronoun (ligar‑lhe = “call her/him”).

Is "acender" also correct? What’s the nuance?

Yes. Acender is used for lights/flames; ligar is “switch on” a device. For a flashlight, both are common in EP:

• Podes ligar a lanterna?
• Podes acender a lanterna? To turn it off: desligar or apagar.

Why do we say "a lanterna"? Can I drop the article or use "uma"?

Portuguese normally uses a definite article with specific countable nouns. A lanterna = “the flashlight” (a specific one in context). Dropping it (just lanterna) sounds odd. Use uma lanterna (“a flashlight”) if you mean any flashlight, not a particular one. Here a is the definite article, not the preposition “to.”

Where can I put "por favor," and do I need the comma?

All these are fine:

• Por favor, podes ligar a lanterna?
• Podes, por favor, ligar a lanterna?
• Podes ligar a lanterna, por favor? When por favor is in the middle or at the end, it’s usually set off by commas in writing.

Why isn’t there "tu" in the sentence? Is that okay?

Portuguese is a null‑subject language, so the pronoun is often dropped because the verb ending shows the person. (Tu) podes ligar… Both are correct. Adding tu can emphasize the subject.

How do I pronounce the whole sentence?

In European Portuguese:

• Podes [ˈpɔdɨʃ] (final s like English “sh”)
• ligar [liˈɣaɾ] (a soft g; final r is a light tap)
• a [ɐ]
• lanterna [lɐ̃ˈtɛɾnɐ] (nasal ã)
• por favor [poɾ fɐˈvoɾ] Whole: [ˈpɔdɨʃ liˈɣaɾ ɐ lɐ̃ˈtɛɾnɐ poɾ fɐˈvoɾ]

Can I replace "a lanterna" with a pronoun?

Yes: Podes ligá‑la, por favor? Because lanterna is feminine, use ‑la. Note the spelling change: ligar + a → ligá‑la (the final r drops, an l is inserted, and the verb gains an acute accent to keep the stress). In the negative, both are heard: Não a podes ligar? / Não podes ligá‑la?

How would I make this formal in Portugal?

Use você/title verb forms or the formal imperative:

• Pode ligar a lanterna, por favor?
• Ligue a lanterna, se faz favor. You can also say O/A senhor(a) pode ligar a lanterna, por favor? in very formal contexts.

How would Brazilians say this?

Most naturally: Você pode ligar a lanterna, por favor? If you mean the phone’s flashlight: Pode ligar a lanterna do celular, por favor? Pronunciation and intonation differ, but the wording is very close.

Is "podes" about permission or ability here?

Poder covers both “may” (permission) and “can” (ability). In requests like this, it functions as a polite way to ask someone to do something. For actual physical ability, conseguir is clearer: Consegues ligar a lanterna? (“Are you able to…?”).

Are there better words than "lanterna" like "luz" or "tocha"?

• lanterna = flashlight/torch (UK). This is the normal word.
• luz = light in general (e.g., Podes ligar a luz? = the room light).
• candeeiro = lamp (the fixture).
• lâmpada = light bulb.
• tocha = flaming torch, not a flashlight in modern usage.

How do I refer to the phone’s flashlight specifically?

Say a lanterna do telemóvel in Portugal: Podes ligar a lanterna do telemóvel, por favor? Note EP uses telemóvel (not “celular,” which is Brazilian).

How might people answer this naturally?

Common replies include:

• Claro. / Já ligo. / Já está. (Sure. / I’m turning it on now. / It’s on.)
• Um segundo. (One second.)
• Desculpa, está sem bateria. (Sorry, it’s out of battery.)
• Não encontro a lanterna. (I can’t find the flashlight.)