Moja córka uwielbia deser z wanilią.

Because córka is a feminine noun. In Polish, possessive words like mój (my) must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Here, córka is:

• singular
• feminine
• nominative

So the correct form is moja.

A few related forms:

• mój syn = my son
• moja córka = my daughter
• moje dziecko = my child

Córka is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative case.

The nominative is the basic dictionary form and is usually used for the person or thing doing the action.

In Moja córka uwielbia deser z wanilią, the daughter is the one who loves the dessert, so córka stays in the nominative.

Uwielbia means adores, loves, or really loves. It is stronger than lubi (likes).

For example:

• lubi = likes
• bardzo lubi = likes very much
• uwielbia = adores / absolutely loves

So this sentence sounds stronger than just saying Moja córka lubi deser z wanilią.

Because deser is a masculine inanimate noun, and in Polish, the accusative singular of masculine inanimate nouns is usually the same as the nominative singular.

So:

• nominative: deser
• accusative: deser

The word is the direct object here, because it is the thing being adored.

Compare with a masculine animate noun:

• Widzę psa = I see a dog
  Here pies changes to psa in the accusative.

But:

• Widzę deser = I see a dessert
  No change.

Because the preposition z meaning with requires the instrumental case.

The noun wanilia changes like this:

• nominative: wanilia
• instrumental: wanilią

So:

• z wanilią = with vanilla

This is a very common pattern:

• z kawą = with coffee
• z czekoladą = with chocolate
• z bitą śmietaną = with whipped cream

No. Z can mean different things depending on context, and it can govern different cases.

Two very common uses are:

• z + instrumental = with
  • z wanilią = with vanilla
• z/ze + genitive = from / out of
  • z Polski = from Poland
  • ze szkoły = from school

In your sentence, z wanilią clearly means with vanilla.

Not exactly word-for-word, though the overall meaning can be very similar.

Deser z wanilią literally means dessert with vanilla. It suggests vanilla is an ingredient or flavor component.

A more adjective-based version would be:

• deser waniliowy = vanilla dessert

The difference is subtle:

• deser z wanilią emphasizes with vanilla
• deser waniliowy emphasizes vanilla-flavored / vanilla-type

In many everyday contexts, both could work, but they are not identical in structure.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because case endings show grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Moja córka uwielbia deser z wanilią.

But you could also say:

• Deser z wanilią moja córka uwielbia.
• Uwielbia moja córka deser z wanilią.

These alternatives may sound more marked or emphasize different parts of the sentence. The original version is the most natural neutral one for a learner.

Grammatically, yes, you can omit moja if the context already makes it clear whose daughter you mean.

However, without context, córka by itself means a daughter or the daughter, depending on the situation. Adding moja makes it specific: my daughter.

So:

• Moja córka uwielbia deser z wanilią = My daughter adores dessert with vanilla.
• Córka uwielbia deser z wanilią = The daughter / a daughter adores dessert with vanilla, depending on context.

Because Polish does not use articles like English a, an, and the.

So deser can mean:

• a dessert
• the dessert
• sometimes just dessert in a general sense

The exact meaning depends on context.

That is normal in Polish:

• Mam książkę = I have a/the book
• Widzę samochód = I see a/the car

A rough English-friendly approximation is:

oo-VYEL-bya

A few details:

• u sounds like oo
• wie sounds roughly like vye
• bia sounds like bya

The w in Polish is pronounced like English v, so uwielbia does not start with an English w sound.

Córka is roughly:

TSOOR-ka

Important points:

• c in Polish sounds like ts
• ó sounds like u in modern Polish
• rka is pronounced clearly, with a rolled or tapped r if possible

So ó and u are pronounced the same in modern standard Polish, even though they are spelled differently.

A rough approximation is:

va-NEE-lyon

But that final ą is a nasal vowel, so there is no perfect English equivalent.

Helpful pronunciation notes:

• w = English v
• ni gives a soft ny-like sound
• lią ends with a nasal sound

In careful speech, ą is nasal, but in normal connected speech it may sound a bit like on/om depending on the following sound and the speaker.

Yes. Wanilia is the standard noun for vanilla.

Examples:

• lody waniliowe = vanilla ice cream
• cukier waniliowy = vanilla sugar
• krem z wanilią = cream with vanilla

So z wanilią is a very natural phrase.

It is also in the nominative singular feminine, because it agrees with córka.

Polish adjectives and adjective-like words must match the noun they describe.

So in moja córka:

• moja = nominative singular feminine
• córka = nominative singular feminine noun

They match, which is exactly what Polish grammar requires.