Czy masz już umówioną wizytę u dentysty?

Czy is a question particle. It signals that the sentence is a yes/no question.

So:

• Masz już umówioną wizytę u dentysty. = You already have a dentist appointment arranged.
• Czy masz już umówioną wizytę u dentysty? = Do you already have a dentist appointment arranged?

Unlike English, Polish does not need an auxiliary like do to form this kind of question. You can often ask the same question just by using intonation:

• Masz już umówioną wizytę u dentysty?

That is also natural in speech.

Masz is the 2nd person singular form of mieć (to have), so it means you have.

• mam = I have
• masz = you have
• ma = he/she/it has

The sentence literally uses the idea Do you have an appointment arranged already?, not Are you arranged an appointment.

So:

• Czy masz... ? = Do you have... ?

Już usually means already.

In this sentence, it suggests something like:

• Have you already arranged... ?
• Do you have it arranged yet/already?

It often adds the sense that the speaker expects this to maybe have happened by now.

Position-wise, już is flexible, but Czy masz już... ? is very natural.

Umówioną is the feminine singular accusative form of the adjective/participle umówiony.

Here it means something like:

• arranged
• booked
• scheduled

It agrees with wizytę because wizyta is:

• feminine
• singular
• the direct object here, so it is in the accusative

Agreement:

• umówiona wizyta = an arranged appointment (dictionary/basic nominative idea)
• mam umówioną wizytę = I have an arranged appointment

So umówioną changes its ending to match wizytę.

Because wizyta is in the accusative singular.

The base form is:

• wizyta = visit, appointment

But after mam / masz / ma when it is the direct object, it becomes:

• wizytę

This is a very common feminine pattern:

• mam kawę from kawa
• widzę kobietę from kobieta
• masz wizytę from wizyta

So in the sentence:

• masz wizytę = you have an appointment

And because it is modified by umówioną, both words show the appropriate forms:

• umówioną wizytę

This is a very common learner question.

• u dentysty means at the dentist’s / with the dentist
• do dentysty means to the dentist (movement toward)

In wizyta u dentysty, Polish treats it as an appointment with / at the dentist.

Compare:

• Mam wizytę u dentysty. = I have an appointment with the dentist.
• Idę do dentysty. = I’m going to the dentist.

So in this sentence, u is correct because it describes the kind of appointment, not motion.

Because the preposition u requires the genitive case.

Base form:

• dentysta = dentist

After u:

• u dentysty = at the dentist’s / with the dentist

So:

• u lekarza = at the doctor’s
• u fryzjera = at the hairdresser’s
• u dentysty = at the dentist’s

This is a very useful pattern to memorize.

Yes, in context it is very close. Depending on the situation, umówioną wizytę can be translated as:

• an appointment arranged
• a booked appointment
• a scheduled appointment

The core idea comes from umówić (się), which is about arranging/agreeing on a meeting or appointment.

So mieć umówioną wizytę means to have an appointment already set up.

Yes, that is also natural, but it shifts the focus.

• Czy masz już umówioną wizytę u dentysty? = Do you already have a dentist appointment arranged?

  • Focus: the resulting state — do you currently have it booked?

• Czy już umówiłeś wizytę u dentysty? = Have you already arranged/booked a dentist appointment?

  • Focus: the action of arranging it

In everyday use, the difference is small, but it is good to notice:

• mieć umówioną wizytę = to have it booked
• umówić wizytę = to book/arrange it

The form is based on umówiony, which comes from the verb umówić / umówić się.

A useful way to think about it:

• umówić wizytę = to arrange/book an appointment
• umówiona wizyta = an arranged appointment
• mam umówioną wizytę = I have an appointment arranged

The ending changes because Polish adjectives and participles agree with the noun they describe.

For wizyta, the relevant forms are:

• umówiona wizyta (nominative)
• umówioną wizytę (accusative)

Not completely. Polish word order is fairly flexible, but some versions sound more natural than others depending on emphasis.

The given sentence:

• Czy masz już umówioną wizytę u dentysty?

is very natural and neutral.

Other possible orders:

• Czy już masz umówioną wizytę u dentysty?
• Masz już umówioną wizytę u dentysty?
• Czy wizytę u dentysty masz już umówioną?
  
  • grammatical, but more marked/emphatic

So the word order can change, but the original is probably the best default choice for a learner.

In medical and similar contexts, wizyta often means appointment, not only the physical visit itself.

So:

• wizyta u dentysty can mean:
  • the scheduled appointment
  • the actual visit

In this sentence, because of umówioną (arranged/booked), it clearly means appointment.

You would usually replace masz with ma Pan / ma Pani.

For example:

• Czy ma Pan już umówioną wizytę u dentysty?
  = speaking politely to a man

• Czy ma Pani już umówioną wizytę u dentysty?
  = speaking politely to a woman

Even though Pan/Pani refers to you, the verb uses the 3rd person singular form:

• ma, not masz

Yes:

• Czy = question particle for yes/no questions
• masz = you have
• już = already
• umówioną = arranged/booked/scheduled
• wizytę = appointment/visit (accusative of wizyta)
• u = at / with
• dentysty = dentist’s / dentist (genitive of dentysta)

A very literal gloss would be:

• Do you have already arranged appointment with the dentist?

Natural English:

• Do you already have a dentist appointment booked?
• Have you already booked a dentist appointment?