W laboratorium pielęgniarka pobiera krew i mierzy ciśnienie.

After the preposition w when it means in, Polish normally uses the locative case.

• laboratorium = laboratory
• w laboratorium = in the laboratory

Laboratorium is a neuter noun, and in this case its locative singular form happens to look the same as the dictionary form. That is very common with some neuter nouns.

So:

• laboratorium = laboratory
• w laboratorium = in the laboratory

Pielęgniarka is the subject of the sentence, so it appears in the nominative case, which is the basic dictionary form.

Here it means the nurse or simply nurse, depending on context. Polish does not have articles like a or the, so pielęgniarka can mean either one depending on the situation.

Polish does not use articles.

So English distinctions like:

• a nurse
• the nurse

are usually expressed in Polish just by:

• pielęgniarka

Context tells you whether it is definite or indefinite.

The same applies to:

• laboratorium
• krew
• ciśnienie

In medical contexts, pobierać often means to collect or to take, especially samples such as:

• pobierać krew = to take/draw blood
• pobierać próbkę = to take a sample

Although the basic English meaning may be shown as takes blood or draws blood, pobierać is the natural medical verb here. It is more specific and professional than a very general verb like brać.

Because krew is the direct object of pobiera, so it is in the accusative case.

The noun krew is a feminine noun with an irregular pattern:

• nominative: krew
• genitive: krwi
• accusative: krew

So in this sentence, krew is correct because the verb is acting directly on it.

A learner often expects a changed ending, but here the accusative form is the same as the nominative.

Ciśnienie is also a direct object, so it is in the accusative case.

However, ciśnienie is a neuter noun, and for many neuter nouns the nominative and accusative singular are identical. So:

• nominative: ciśnienie
• accusative: ciśnienie

That is why the form does not change.

In context, mierzyć ciśnienie means to measure blood pressure.

Both verbs are in the 3rd person singular present tense, because the subject is pielęgniarka = nurse.

• pobierać → pobiera
• mierzyć → mierzy

This is the form used for:

• he
• she
• it

Since pielęgniarka is singular, both verbs are singular too.

Because Polish usually drops subject pronouns when they are not needed.

The verb form already tells you it is 3rd person singular, and the noun pielęgniarka clearly identifies who is doing the action. So adding ona would usually be unnecessary.

Polish often sounds more natural without an explicit pronoun unless you want emphasis or contrast.

Here Polish uses imperfective verbs:

• pobierać → pobiera
• mierzyć → mierzy

This is normal when describing:

• what someone is doing right now
• a routine action
• a general scene

If you used perfective verbs, the meaning would shift toward a completed action or a single finished event, and perfective verbs normally do not form a regular present tense with present meaning. Their present forms usually refer to the future.

For example, perfective counterparts might be:

• pobrać = to collect/take completely
• zmierzyć = to measure completely

So:

• pobiera krew i mierzy ciśnienie = she is taking blood and measuring blood pressure / she takes blood and measures blood pressure
• pobierze krew i zmierzy ciśnienie = she will take blood and measure blood pressure

The given order is natural and neutral, but Polish word order is fairly flexible.

This sentence:

• W laboratorium pielęgniarka pobiera krew i mierzy ciśnienie.

puts the location first, which is very natural if you are setting the scene: In the laboratory...

Other orders are possible, for example:

• Pielęgniarka w laboratorium pobiera krew i mierzy ciśnienie.
• Pielęgniarka pobiera krew i mierzy ciśnienie w laboratorium.

These versions are still grammatical, but the emphasis changes slightly. Polish often moves words around to highlight new or important information.

Yes, i means and here. It joins the two actions:

• pobiera krew
• mierzy ciśnienie

So the nurse is doing both actions.

In simple coordination like this, i works very much like English and.

Yes, literally it is measure pressure. But in medical context, ciśnienie very often means blood pressure.

So in a sentence about a nurse in a laboratory or clinic, Polish speakers naturally understand:

• mierzyć ciśnienie = to measure blood pressure

This is a good example of context supplying information that English often makes explicit.

A few words here can be tricky for English speakers:

• pielęgniarka
• pobiera
• ciśnienie

Helpful pronunciation notes:

• w sounds like English v
• ł would sound like English w, but there is no ł in this sentence
• rz usually sounds like zh as in measure
• ś is a soft sh-like sound
• ń is a soft n, a bit like ny
• ą is a nasal vowel

Very rough guides:

• W laboratorium ≈ v lah-bo-ra-TO-ryoom
• pielęgniarka ≈ pyeh-leng-NYAR-ka
• pobiera ≈ po-BYE-ra
• krew ≈ kref
• mierzy ≈ MYE-zhy
• ciśnienie ≈ cheesh-NYE-nye

These are only approximations, but they can help you get started.

Both can relate to taking, but they are not equally natural in every context.

• brać is a very general verb: to take
• pobierać is more specialized and often used in formal, institutional, or medical contexts

So for blood, a nurse would naturally:

• pobierać krew

Using brać krew may be understood, but it is less standard in careful medical Polish. Pobierać is the more appropriate verb here.