W lodówce zostało jeszcze trochę mleka.

Because after w meaning in, Polish normally uses the locative case for location.

• dictionary form: lodówka = fridge
• locative singular: w lodówce = in the fridge

This is a very common pattern:

• w domu = in the house
• w szkole = at school / in the school
• w lodówce = in the fridge

So lodówce is not a different word, just the correct case form of lodówka.

Here zostało means something like was left, remained, or there was still ... left.

The verb is from zostać, which often means:

• to become
• to stay behind
• to remain / be left

In this sentence, it has the remain / be left meaning:

• W lodówce zostało jeszcze trochę mleka.
• There was still some milk left in the fridge.

So this is not become here. It is the idea of something still remaining.

Because the verb agrees with the grammatical subject, and here the key noun is mleko.

• mleko is neuter singular
• past tense for neuter singular is zostało

So:

• mleko zostało = the milk remained / was left

Even though the phrase is trochę mleka, the sentence usually takes singular neuter agreement, because the quantity expression behaves like a singular amount, and mleko itself is neuter.

Compare:

• Zostało trochę chleba. = Some bread was left.
• Zostało trochę wody. = Some water was left.

Because trochę usually requires the genitive case.

So:

• mleko = nominative
• mleka = genitive

After trochę:

• trochę mleka = some milk / a little milk
• trochę czasu = some time
• trochę chleba = some bread

This is very important in Polish: quantity words often make the following noun go into the genitive.

Here jeszcze means still.

So the sentence suggests that some milk remained at that point:

• zostało trochę mleka = some milk was left
• zostało jeszcze trochę mleka = there was still some milk left

Depending on context, jeszcze can also mean yet, more, or another, but here still is the natural meaning.

Yes. That is also correct, but the nuance is a little different.

• W lodówce jest jeszcze trochę mleka. = There is still some milk in the fridge.
• W lodówce zostało jeszcze trochę mleka. = There is still some milk left in the fridge.

The version with jest simply states what is there. The version with zostało emphasizes that it remains, often after some has been used or expected to run out.

So zostało feels a bit more like left over / remaining.

Yes, but it is not a simple single-word subject in the way English learners often expect.

The thing being talked about is trochę mleka = some milk / a little milk.

That phrase functions as the logical subject of the sentence:

• zostało trochę mleka = some milk remained

Polish does not need a dummy subject like English there.

English says:

• There was still some milk left in the fridge.

Polish simply says:

• W lodówce zostało jeszcze trochę mleka.

No equivalent of English there is needed.

Yes. Polish word order is flexible, and changing it changes emphasis more than basic meaning.

The original:

• W lodówce zostało jeszcze trochę mleka.

Possible alternatives:

• Jeszcze zostało trochę mleka w lodówce.
• Trochę mleka zostało jeszcze w lodówce.
• Zostało jeszcze trochę mleka w lodówce.

The original version is very natural if you want to start with the place: in the fridge.

A rough feeling of emphasis:

• W lodówce... focuses first on location
• Jeszcze... highlights still
• Trochę mleka... highlights the amount

So yes, you can move things, but the original sounds very standard and natural.

Here it is treated as an uncountable mass noun, like milk in English.

That is why Polish uses a quantity phrase:

• trochę mleka = some milk / a little milk

You usually would not count it as separate units unless you mean containers or types. For example:

• butelka mleka = a bottle of milk
• karton mleka = a carton of milk

So in this sentence, mleko is just the substance, not separate countable items.

It is past tense.

More exactly:

• infinitive: zostać
• past tense, neuter singular: zostało

So literally it is something like:

• remained
• was left

But in English, the most natural translation often uses there was still ... left, which may feel less obviously past-tense word-for-word.

Yes.

• W lodówce zostało trochę mleka. = Some milk was left in the fridge.
• W lodówce zostało jeszcze trochę mleka. = There was still some milk left in the fridge.

Without jeszcze, the sentence is more neutral. With jeszcze, it stresses that the milk had not run out yet.

No, kilka mleka is not correct.

• trochę is used with uncountable substances and means some / a little
• kilka means a few and is used with countable nouns

So:

• trochę mleka = some milk
• kilka butelek mleka = a few bottles of milk

You cannot normally say a few milk in English, and Polish works similarly here.

No, but beginning with W lodówce is very natural if the place is the starting point of the message.

For example, if someone asks:

• Czy mamy mleko? = Do we have milk?

A natural answer could be:

• W lodówce zostało jeszcze trochę mleka.

Starting with the location makes sense because you are telling the listener where the milk is. Polish often puts familiar or contextual information earlier and the more important new information later.