Od południa do wieczora pracuję w biurze.

It means from ... to / until ....

So:

• od południa = from noon
• do wieczora = until evening / to the evening

Together, od południa do wieczora gives a time span: from noon until evening.

This is a very common Polish pattern:

• od rana do wieczora = from morning till evening
• od poniedziałku do piątku = from Monday to Friday

Because od requires the genitive case.

The dictionary form is:

• południe = noon

But after od, it changes to:

• od południa = from noon

So the ending changes because of grammar, not because the meaning changes.

Because do also requires the genitive case.

The basic form is:

• wieczór = evening

After do, it becomes:

• do wieczora = until evening / to the evening

So both time expressions in this sentence use the genitive:

• od południa
• do wieczora

Because w can mean different things depending on what you want to say.

Here it means in / at a place, so it takes the locative case:

• biuro = office
• w biurze = in the office / at the office

If w expresses movement into something, it usually takes the accusative:

• wchodzę w biuro would not sound natural here anyway, but compare with normal examples like:
• wchodzę w dom is also not standard; Polish would normally say wchodzę do domu = I go into the house

So in this sentence, we are talking about location, not movement:

• pracuję w biurze = I work in the office / at the office

Pracuję is the 1st person singular present tense form of pracować (to work).

So it means:

• I work
• sometimes also I am working, depending on context

The ending -ę is a common marker of I in Polish present tense verbs.

Examples:

• pracuję = I work
• mieszkam = I live
• czytam = I read

Not every verb uses -ę, but many do.

Because in Polish, the verb form already shows who the subject is.

• pracuję already means I work

So ja is usually omitted unless you want emphasis, contrast, or clarity.

Compare:

• Pracuję w biurze. = I work in an office / at the office.
• Ja pracuję w biurze, a on w domu. = I work in the office, and he works at home.

In the second sentence, ja is used for contrast.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Polish w biurze literally means in the office, but in natural English it may be translated as:

• in the office
• at the office
• sometimes in an office, if no specific office is meant

Polish often does not mark the difference between the office and an office as clearly as English does, because Polish has no articles.

You usually know from context.

Polish has no articles, so:

• w biurze can mean in the office
• w biurze can also mean in an office

Context tells you which is more natural.

For example:

• If we are talking about your usual workplace, English may prefer the office
• If we are speaking more generally, English may prefer an office

Yes. Polish word order is fairly flexible.

The sentence:

• Od południa do wieczora pracuję w biurze.

could also be:

• Pracuję w biurze od południa do wieczora.
• W biurze pracuję od południa do wieczora.

The basic meaning stays the same, but the emphasis changes.

For example:

• Od południa do wieczora... emphasizes the time span first
• W biurze... emphasizes the place
• Pracuję... starts more neutrally with the action

Not necessarily. It usually gives a general time range, not a mathematically exact one.

So it means something like:

• from noon until evening
• from around midday to the evening

Polish time expressions like this are often approximate unless the speaker gives exact hours.

If someone wanted to be very precise, they might say:

• od dwunastej do osiemnastej = from 12 to 6

This is a very common question.

• od południa = from noon
• po południu = in the afternoon / after noon

So they are not interchangeable.

Examples:

• Od południa pracuję. = I work from noon onward.
• Pracuję po południu. = I work in the afternoon.

Even though both contain the idea of noon, they mean different things.

It can potentially mean either, because Polish present tense often covers both ideas.

• pracuję can mean I work
• pracuję can also mean I am working

In this sentence, the most natural reading is often habitual / regular schedule:

• From noon to evening, I work in the office

But in the right context, it could also describe what is happening today or right now.

Polish does not force the same distinction English often makes between I work and I am working.

Because pracować specifically means to work in the sense of doing a job or being at work.

• pracować = to work
• robić = to do / to make

So:

• pracuję w biurze = I work in the office
• robię coś w biurze = I am doing something in the office

If you are talking about employment or job activity, pracować is the natural verb.

No. Południe can also mean south.

But in this sentence, because of the time expression od ... do ..., it clearly means noon:

• od południa do wieczora = from noon until evening

Context makes the meaning clear.

For comparison:

• na południu Polski = in the south of Poland
• w południe = at noon

Yes, that is possible.

• Pracuję od południa do wieczora w biurze.

It still means the same thing. The difference is mainly rhythm and emphasis.

Many learners expect one fixed word order, but Polish allows several natural versions. The best choice depends on what you want to highlight:

• time
• place
• action

All of these are natural:

• Od południa do wieczora pracuję w biurze.
• Pracuję w biurze od południa do wieczora.
• W biurze pracuję od południa do wieczora.